January 29, 1890 Vol. VII, No. 5Whole No. 161

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Editorial. Mr. George Starts—The Dinner at the Metropolitan Hotel—How It Marked a Change of Sentiment—Mr. Stetson’s Letter—Significance of the Participation of Clergymen and Educators—Powderly’s Letter Shows that All Classes Are United—Similar Evidence Given by the Dinner at St. Louis—Our Duty Henceforth Plain—Tariff Reform But the Beginning—The Census Bill—Governor Hill Gets a Glimpse of the Truth—Land Grabbing on the Sioux Reservation—Tammany’s Virtue—Real Democracy Cropping Out in South Carolina—Messrs. Mills and Eggleston on the Labor Question—Gladstone’s Ideas About Land Nationalization—The Single Tax Brotherhood—News from Many States—A Wise Policy at Washington—Equalizing Assessments—Selling a Birthright—The Amended Saxton Bill—Farmers Excited—Ingersoll on Land Monopoly.

True Test of Economic Conditions. James E. Mills.

Economic Bric-a-Brac.

Our Washington Letter. Henry George, Jr.

Our English Letter. Rev. Harold Rylett.

Notes and Queries. Tired of Playing for the Landlords—A Tax Commissioner’s Ideas—Iron Made More Cheaply Here Than in England—The Fur Seal Monopoly—Questions About the Working of the Single Tax Answered—How to Get Coal for Nothing—Queer Phases of the Labor Problem.

Single Tax News. Object Lessons From Union Square Properties—Our Chicago Soldiers: Warren Worth Bailey—The Petition: Work of the Committee This Year—Recent Sales and Assessments in New York—Messrs. Herne and Garland to Address the Actors—The Manhattan Club Sends Colonel Ingersoll “Progress and Poverty”—A Pleasing Entertainment in Brooklyn—Discussing the Prohibition Question—The Single Tax in Jersey Pulpits—The Paterson Club—Boston Ladies Discussing the Single Tax—Mr. Shearman at Worcester—William Lloyd Garrison at Hyde Park and Elsewhere—A Good Pittsburg Idea—Active Work in Twenty-one States.

The Social Problem. George Cary Eggleston on the Labor Problem—Absolute Political Ethics—Localization of Industries—London Charities—Some Irish Statistics.

Henry George at St. Louis—Reception by the Single Tax League—Dinner and Reception at the Merchants’ Club.

Personal.

Ballot Reform. Maryland Reformers Hopeful — Gorman’s Henchmen Obstructive — Amendments to the Saxton Bill—Tammany Blindly Clings to Hill—Several Organizations Indorse the Reform.

The Free Trade Fight. Mr. Cleveland Speaks Again—Professor Hadley at the Reform Club—Indiana Well Organized—Reciprocity with Canada—Asking More Tariff on Marble.

EDITORIAL.

Henry George, accompanied by Mrs. George, left New York on Wednesday, January 22, for his journey to Australia, and thence home by way of Europe. By a singular mistake the people in THE STANDARD office were misinformed as to the route he would take, and conse quently^sic a number of friends were directed to the wrong station, and only a few were present at the Erie station to say good-bye. In a hasty note from St. Louis, written last Saturday, Mr. George says: “We have had a good trip so far. There is a splendid crowd of earnest men in and about Bradford. I saw Walker, De Beck and a number of others in Cincinnati, and a great many friends have called to see me here this morning.” Mr. and Mrs. George are in good health and spirits, and at every place they stop they are greeted with an enthusiasm that gives them gratifying evidence of the growth of the single tax idea.

The farewell dinner to Mr. George, p. 1, col. 2 given last week by the Manhattan single tax club, was an event deserving of more than passing comment. The mere fact that men of the highest prominence in public affairs, men distinguished in the professions and in business, were glad to pay this tribute of respect to Mr. George, however natural and reasonable it may appear to those of us who have always been glad to honor him as a leader and teacher, is one of tremendous significance to those who felt the full force of the storm of misrepresentation and abuse that broke upon him and the supporters of his principles and policy less than four years ago. This great change is naturally most gratifying to the many personal friends of Mr. George, for personal reasons, but it must be remembered that, even in the campaign of 1886, he was not assailed because of any charges brought against him as an individual, but as the representative of a principle at that time regarded with sincere horror and detestation by many of those present at the dinner last week.

This horror and detestation was, of course, largely due to an utter misapprehension of Mr. George’s doctrines and designs, but the virulent opposition of that period was also partly due to a feeling that the things he did actually propose were subversive of order and the rights of property. Many of the “saviors of society” played the role in all seriousness. Men who fully understood what was meant by the appropriation of ground rent to public use, nevertheless regarded it as a proposal for spoliation and an invasion of the just rights of property.

Since that time many of those who united last week in paying honor to Mr. George have come to see the great truth underlying the single tax movement, and to acknowledge that the proposal to take for public use the values created by the growth of population and the advance of civilization is in full accord with the simplest and most fundamental ideas of justice. They see that, so far from being an act of spoliation, it would be an act of restoration, asserting a higher and truer conception of the rights of property than has ever entered the minds of those who defend the appropriation by individuals to their private use of publicly created values and a heritage common to all.

It would, however, be idle to pretend that all those participating in the dinner either as guests, speech makers or writers of letters of regret have come to a comprehension and acceptance of the principles and policy presented in “Progress and Poverty.” There was nothing in the letters of ex-Speaker Carlisle, R. Q. Mills, the two Breckenridges, or in the speeches of Wheeler H. Peckham or A. Augustus Healy, that indicates any acceptance of the single tax programme. These men are prepared to honor Mr. George, simply because they are at one with him in demanding free trade, which is, to him, not an end, but merely an important means toward the attainment of ultimate justice. Mr. Peckham is further drawn into sympathy with him because of his battle for ballot reform, which is likewise a mere step toward the greater reforms that it is hoped to accomplish through the intelligent votes of unintimidated and unbribed citizens. But the fact that these men do not accept the single tax adds to the importance p. 1, col. 3 and significance of their participation in a demonstration avowedly designed to honor the acknowledged leader of the single tax movement. It demonstrates that the policy of “damnation by clamor” has been abandoned, and that the policy we advocate is accepted as one about which reasonable men may differ without forfeiting respect or courting abuse and denunciation.

The people who add to a clear conception of our principles a comprehension of the necessary steps for securing their final incorporation in the law of the land, will appreciate the importance of this advance. Those who now acknowledge that the single tax is a factor in public affairs are the men who originate policies and frame laws, and it is no little thing to have overcome the prejudice or indifference which, but a few years ago, would have put our proposal beyond the range of their consideration, favorable or otherwise.

The tendency among such men to look favorably upon our principles, when they have once been brought to consider them at all, is clearly shown in the letter from Francis Lynde Stetson. Mr. Stetson is not a single tax man, in the common acceptation of the phrase. He does not see the great ethical principle that will be enforced by the single tax when fully applied. If he did, he would dismiss his fears that Mr. George’s doctrines may at times obscure the rights of property and remove existing incentives to industry, and see that by awarding to the community with approximate exactness and unfailing certainty that which of right belongs to the community, and by securing to the individual the full results of the application of his labor or capital to his exact share of the natural opportunities, the single tax, carried to its logical conclusion, will draw the line between meum and tuum as it has never yet been in history. He would see that by basing the right of property on manifest laws of natural justice, that right would be endowed with a sacredness that it never could acquire from confused and capricious legislation through which runs no clear and unvarying principle. Our programme carries with it no menace to the rights of property. On the contrary the single tax men stand as the sole defenders of those rights, at once against the corporate rapacity that uses governmental powers, belonging to all, for the enrichment of the few, and against the confused thought—or rather the mere impulse unguided by judgment—of state socialism, which practically denies to the individual all actual right to the products of his own toil, and bases its hopes of a new industrial system on ignorance or forgetfulness of the demonstrated law that man seeks to gratify his desires by the least exertion, and needs the incentives of competition and increasing desires to prompt him to the best use of his powers.

But though Mr. Stetson has not yet come to see the great underlying truth set forth in “Progress and Poverty,” he acknowledges that Mr. George is entitled to a hearing and confesses that he admires and accepts the following points in his doctrines:

The individual is to each individual of far more consequence than the government.

The government should interfere as little as possible with the individual.

The taxes necessary for the support of government economically administered, might well in a normal condition of affairs be levied p. 1, col. 4 upon lands exclusive of the value of the improvements thereon.

Neither the necessities of man nor his willingness to work or save should be made the basis or measure of taxation. This proposition challenges tariff and income taxes.

All franchises derived from the public should contribute to the public treasury a share of their earnings, without unduly increasing the cost of service to that portion of the public making use of the franchise. In the latter event the result is simply that a part instead of all of the public pay a tax in disguise.

These are the utterances of a free trader who has had the courage to face the question, “Where will the government obtain its revenues if customs duties are abolished?” There is but one sufficient answer to that question, and that is, “By the taxation of land values.” That answer Mr. Stetson is prepared to have made, and hence, from a different standpoint, he reaches the same conclusion that the single tax men have arrived at. This is doubtless the result of cold reasoning, unbiased by any hope of abolishing involuntary poverty, or the expectation of anything beyond “a mere fiscal reform.” This, however, but adds to the force of Mr. Stetson’s indorsement and commands for our immediate purpose the respectful consideration of the ever increasing number of tariff reformers who are becoming free traders, among whom it is reasonable to hope may now, or in the early future, be found Mr. Stetson’s friend and partner, the next president of the United States.

But it is not alone to the men engaged in the practical work of legislation or otherwise directly concerned in public affairs that we must look for the evidences of the breaking down of the prejudices that once stood as an effectual barrier to our progress. In the long run statesmen can only give effect to public sentiment as shaped and fashioned, if not created, by the school, the pulpit, the press and the other agencies that stimulate and direct thought. Five years ago all these agencies were against Mr. George and the cause he represents. They are not yet committed to that cause, but they are coming to regard it as one worthy of consideration, and not a thing to be despised and ignored. Gratifying evidence of this was given in the letters from Seth Low, president of Columbia college; E. Benjamin Andrews, lately professor of political economy at Cornell, but now president of Brown university; Professor Hadley of Yale, George William Curtis, editor of Harpers’ Weekly; Bishop Huntington, Rev. Heber Newton and others. In addition to this, many clergymen, journalists and teachers whose names did not appear sat at the tables.

Notable among the evidences of the vanishing of prejudice was the speech of Rev. Dr. Lyman Abbott, pastor of Plymouth church. So far as Dr. Abbott himself is concerned, no necessity for such evidence existed. In his paper, the Christian Union, he has freely acknowledged that there is a grave social problem to be solved, and he has always treated Mr. George and his theories with courtesy, though refusing to accept the single tax as a solution of the problem. As was shown in his eloquent address at the dinner, Dr. Abbott sympathizes with the socialistic philosophy of one school of English philanthropists rather than with the individualism of the single tax idea. He believes, however, in democracy; in a commonwealth that shall be such in fact continued on p. 2 →

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An nterview^sic with Benton McMillin, of Tennessee—No Material Changes in the Tariff Probable in this Congress—The Uncomfortable Position of the Republican Party—Important Facts Brought Out in the Hearings of the Ways and Means Committee—Rebellious Republicans Down East—The American Farmer—“Admonished to Feel Rich While Being Ruined, and to Take His Fleecing Like a Philosopher”—Senator Butler’s Coup d’Etat—Homes, Farms and the Census—Work of Single Tax Men in Washington.

WASHINGTON, D. C., Jan. 27.—Now that the public hearings of the ways and means committee are closed there is much speculation as to how the committee will be influenced by what it has heard in presenting its tariff bill to the house of representatives. As to the nature of this testimony and the course likely to be pursued by the republicans, I asked the opinion of Mr. Benton McMillin, of Tennessee, who is now serving his sixth term and is considered one of the most brilliant speakers and parliamentarians on the democratic side of the house. He was present as a member of the ways and means committee from the beginning to the close of the hearings, never missing an hour, and therefore speaks with full knowledge of the evidence there submitted. I asked Mr. McMillin what he thought of the prospect of reduction in the tariff as the result of these hearings.

“I see no prospect of material reformation of the tariff by the present congress,” he answered. “The strong current of public sentiment in that direction is not likely to get an expression until there is a new set of representatives. Most of the changes that occur will be increases rather than reductions of the rate of duty. The duty was raised on continued on p. 6 →

A New and Effective Plan of Propaganda—What Gladstone Really Did Say About “Land Nationalization.”

HYDE, MANCHESTER, Jan. 11.—The yet most effective way^sic of bringing the advantage of the single tax home to the minds of the people has been adopted with remarkable success by Mr. Councillor Bentley of the town of Bury in Lancashire. Bury is in the main “owned” by Lord Derby, and Mr. Bentley has distinguished himself recently by opposition to a new scheme of sewerage on the ground that inasmuch as all these permanent improvements enormously enhance the value of the landlord’s property, the landlord ought to contribute to the improvement. Mr. Bentley’s method is simple and consequently effective. He shows that from the year 1846 up to March 31, 1889, the people of Bury—other than the landed proprietors—have expended as much as £207,293 in extinguishing debt incurred for permanent public improvements. In the year 1889 the amount devoted to this purpose was £18,617, or about one-third of the total amount of taxes collected, and inasmuch as it is admitted by landlords themselves that they are “only benefited by so much of the taxes as go to form a sinking fund to pay off any permanent improvements,” Mr. Bentley contends that Lord Derby, who is virtually the owner of the soil, in addition to the ground rent he receives, is having his property improved at the expense of his tenants to the amount of £18,000 per annum. Then Mr. Bentley goes on to show that on this score alone the rates of the town, amounting to about 5d. in the pound, ought to be raised as follows:

p. 6, col. 4 | | s. | d. | |—|—|—| | The occupier should contribute . | 2 | 0 | | Owner of property other than land | | 11 | | Landowners . . . . . . . . . . | 2 | 1 | | Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 5 | 0 |

Mr. Bentley is extremely modest in confining himself to charging upon the landlords a rate having reference only to the increased value accruing to land by reason of permanent improvements, but it is a step in the right direction, and it shows how the taxation of land values is growing in public favor. Why all increment of value should not be equally liable to taxation is a question which will resolve itself in due time. I only entertain this single instance to show how the question is working its way. It would be impossible to even estimate the value of such work as that which Mr. Bentley has done in the town of Bury. By letters to the press both in Bury and in Manchester, by speeches from the platform and in his address to the rate payers of the east ward, Mr. Bently^sic has forced the subject upon the attention of the people of Bury, and there can be little doubt that his work will bear abundant fruit. I have no doubt that the resolution in favor of taxing ground rents which was passed recently by tne Manchester city council was largely due to such efforts as this of Mr. Bentley’s. Happily we have now in all the large centers of population a group of earnest, thoughtful men who “see the cat” so clearly as to be moved to speak and act as Mr. Bentley has done, and there is no doubt that this work is having its due effect. If only the general election be long enough delayed we may be sure that the English social question will have acquired such urgency and such momentum that it will brush all other questions aside. But if Mr. Bentley is modest in his argument, it must not be supposed that he does not see what the effect of the imposition of so slight a burden upon the landlord as a 2s. 1d. rate, in regard only to permanent improvements, would be, for he asks: “Who can form any idea of the impetus which could be given to the trade and industries of the borough if Lord Derby would return to the town that portion of the rates for which they are not justly chargeable?” These are the two points we must keep clearly in view: First, that justice demands that all land values, such as ground rents and so on, which grow by reason of the growth of population and industry and without any effort on the landlord’s part, should accrue to the public, or at the very least pay a large share of the public burdens; and, second, that the inevitable effect of imposing a tax upon these values would relieve industry and extend opportunity to laborer and capital alike, and so increase trade and raise wages all round. I am happy to say that Mr. Davitt has undertaken to deliver several addresses in England, on these points toward the end of the present month.

It may interest your readers to read the text of some remarks made the other day by Mr. Gladstone at the rent audit of the Hawarden estate. Mr. Gladstone is not the lord of the manor, but his son, Mr. W. H. Gladstone is; still Mr. Gladstone has occasionally himself attended the dinner. In this instance, in the course of a speech on agricultural questions, the right honorable gentleman remarked:

“The question of the relation of landlord and tenant has been met, and will continue to be met, I believe, by reasonable feeling and conduct on both sides without leading to any serious difficulty. They will each judge what they can and ought to do, and comparing together from their several points of view their ideas in a rational and candid spirit, they will arrive at arrangements upon the whole just. And I am confident of the social harmony which has now for more than two centuries united farmers in this district to the Hawarden family. I have the utmost confidence this harmony will continue. We hear sometimes of changes. You must not be too much frightened at a long word, but there is a recommendation made by some for what is called nationalization of land. That is a long word and a formidable word. It is not very obscure. It means that in some way or other the state is to become the universal proprietor. In my opinion, if it is for the benefit of the people, for the benefit of the agricultural class, but not for that class only, but of the whole community, that the state should become the proprietor of all the land of the country, then it would be perfectly right that it should be done. I do not think the landlord would have any right to object. He would have a right to receive a fair compensation for what belongs to him, but he would have no right to object. But I own to you, I do not see any way to that change. I am sometimes suspected, I hope unjustly, of being too ready to promote and recommend changes, but I do not see any way to that change, because I do not under- continued on p. 7 →

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A RED LETTER DAY FOR WESTERN SINGLE TAX MEN.

A Remarkab’e Dinner and Reception at the Rooms of the Merchants’ Club—Reception by the Single Tax League.

ST. LOUIS, Mo. Jan. 26 —The reception and dinner to Henry George in this city was an event that will long be remembered, not only by the single tax men, but by our citizens generally. Mr. and Mrs. George arrived on Saturday morning, shortly after 7 o’clock, and were driven to the Southern hotel. Before they could finish breakfast, callers began to arrive, and a steady stream of people anxious to greet Mr. George continued until be left^sic the hotel to fill other engagements. Among the first to greet him after his arrival were H. H. Kaufman, president of the single tax league, W. F. Little, Hamlin Russell, N. O. Nelson^sic, George F. Durant, E. C. Keeler and Frederick Cruden^sic. Mr. George showed little, if any, fatigue as the result of his journey, and genially greeted all callers. During the day he was interviewed by representatives of nearly every paper in St. Louis and freely explained the single tax theory, which in this way obtained a fuller statement in the columns of our local papers than it has probably ever before had. Mr. Geoge^sic freely declared his opinton^sic that if Grover Cleveland lives he will, without doubt, be the next presidential candidate of the democratic party, and be elected. Speaking of the connection of free trade and the single tax, he declared that the single tax is the culmination of the free trade idea. The principle of free trade is that all restriction and interference with trade lessens the general wealth. Under this theory, it is of course stupid to throw impediments in the way of bringing wealth into the country, and to thus impose restrictions upon the production of wealth here, that would otherwise go out in exchange for that brought in. The single tax men recognize this, and, going further, declare that we ought to free capital and labor from all taxes, and cease to fine industry and thrift. In response to a question concerning the farmers, Mr. George declared that as soon as they understood the question they would be the most enthusiastic supporters of the single tax. To take all public revenues from land values would relieve the farmers from the weight of taxation that now falls on them, since agricultural lands, without improvements, have relatively little value, as compared with land values in cities and towns.

The papers devote themselves to the most minute description of Mr. George’s personal appearance, one of them dwelling on the fact that his shirt studs and sleeve buttons were made of mother of pearl. The general disposition among them, however, was to treat him with the utmost courtesy.

The Single tax league gave him a reception yesterday between the hours of 3 and 5. The interior of the league rooms was handsomely decorated, and the rooms were crowded by an audience that included many ladies. Mr. George was received with prolonged applause, but did not attempt to make a formal speech. He simply talked to those present about the rapid advance ot^sic single tax organizations throughout the country. At the conclusion of his talk, an informal reception took place, the president of the league introducing those present to their guest. Mr. George, in company with Hon. N. O Nelson^sic, left the rooms of the league at 5 o’clock, and went directly to the rooms of the Mercantile club, where another informal reception was held, Mr. Nelson introducing him to numerous guests, who crowded forward to shake him by the hand and bid him welcome to St. Louis.

This reception and the dinner following it had been arranged very hastily. It was only a few days ago that it wes^sic learned that Mr. George would positively pass through St. Louis on his way to San Francisco. Thereupon Bronson C. Keeler, meeting at the Mercantile club N. O. Nelson, Geo. F. Durant, and J. B. Chase and other prominent business men who are in sympathy with the single tax theory, suggested that the opportunity be embraced to offer Mr. George a dinner. The idea was promptly accepted, and arrangements with Mr. George were made by telegraph. But he announced that he could only remain in St. Louis until the departure of the evening train for the west. Messrs. Keeler and Nelson decided that they would not give the matter up on that account, and arranged for a dinner to begin early, at which Mr. George should be the only speaker. As the club is composed of men of all shades of political opinion no attempt was made to have the dinner given by it in its official

p. 8, col. 2 capacity, but as soon as the rooms were obtained and the announcement made that a dinner would be given applications for seats came in rapidly from men of all shades of political opinion. During the hour before dinner Mr. George apparently formed the acquaintance of every man in the room. Many of those introduced to him at once opened fire on his theories; but whether he was attacked on free trade, single tax or ballot reform, they all found him a ready and capable antagonist. Promptly at 6 o’clock dinner was announced. Every seat in the large dining hall was taken, and Hon. N. O Nelson presided, with Mr. George sitting at his right.

Among the guests were: Hon. N. O Nelson, a leading manufacturer of the west and a free trader; Hon. E. A. Noonan, mayor of St. Louis; John R Lionberger^sic, a prominent capitalist; John W. Kauffman, president of the Merchants’ exchange and a wavering protectionist; Frank E. Kauffman, of the Kauffman milling company, a tariff reformer; James T. Drummond, president Drummond tobacco company; Thomas Richeson, president of the Collier white lead and oil works; Charles F. Orthwein, commission merchant and ex-president of the Merchants’ exchange; Marcus Bernheimer, wholesale merchaat^sic; C. C. Rainwater, wholesale merchant and president of the new Merchants’ bridge company; Justin E. Joy, lumber dealer; Charles W. Knapp, president of the Republic company; Charles E. Jones, editor of the Republic; E. D. Meier, president of the Heine safety boiler company; E. E. Souther, wholesale iron merchant; James A. Waterworth, president of the board of underwriters; S. L. Boogher, wholesale merchant; Isaac W. Morton, vice-president Simmons hardware company: James Bannerman, wholesale merchant: Everett S. Brooks, commission merchant; Joseph M. Hayes, wholesale merchant; Charles E. Barney, retail merchant; Richard Ennis, president of the Ennis stationary^sic company; Reid Northrop, president of the American refrigerator transit company; Rev. J. C. Learned, Church of the Unity; Rabbi S. H. Sonnenschein, Temple Israel; Rev. R. M. Higgins, Hyde Park Congregational church, and Rev. J. W. Ford, Second Baptist church. The educational institutions were represented by Professor Wm. Schuyler of the High school; Professor James H. Dillard, president of Mary institute, and Professors C. M. Woodward, H. S. Pritchett, James K. Hosmer, J. B. Johnson, E. E. Rankin, E. A. Engler, H. B. Gale and H. A. Wheeler of Washington university. For the medical profession there were present, Drs. John Green, A. C. Bernays, George Homan, Charles Barck and Hugo Summa. The bar was represented by Judge J. C. Normile of the criminai^sic court, Frederick N. Judson, Chas. Nagle, Jas. Taussig, Charles S. Taussig, Seneca N. Taylor, James P. Maginn, Charles L. Moss, Robert H. Kern, Eugene C. Tittmann, Andrew M. Sullivan, Chester H. Krum, John E. McKeighan, Charles M. Napton, George M. Maverick, and George W. Taussig. Among other guests were Nathan D. Thompson, president Thompson publishing company; Wm. J. Gilbert, president, and Matthew J. Gilbert, treasurer, Gilbert book company; Walker Evans, secretary Mound City paint and color company; James E. Jones, secretary Crystal plate glass company; William E. Barnes, editor the Age of Steel; John M. Dutro, treasurer St. Louis car wheel company; George B. Thomson, manager Goodyear rubber company; Edward K. Holton, secretary and treasurer St. Louis shovel company; Melvin H. Stearns, manager Murphy & Co., varnishes; Harold J. Tittman, secretary St. Louis cooperage company; Gustav H. Moll, secretary Orr & Lindsley shoe company; Emile Glogau, secretary Commercial building company; George F. Durant, general manager Bell telephone company of Missouri; Frank P. Crunden, manufacturer; Frederick M. Crunden, public librarian; Thomas Dimmock, editor; David .H. Armstrong^sic, Judge N. F. Cleary, Minard L. Holman, city water commissioner; Charles A. Potwin, S. S. Sample, Frank C. Case, William F. Ryan, Frank R. O’Neil, Ansel B. Denton, M. A. Fanning, John H. Fry, James L. Carlisle, William H. Little; Frank Gaiennie and Frederick A. Leonard, commission merchants; John H. Terry, Adam Boeck, William P. Nelson and Peter Taaffe, real estate; John N. Judson, George M. Bartlett, William B. Addington, Nathan Kaufman, Theodore L. Cole, Charles Deyo, Arthur Thacher, O. E. Hovey, George C. W. Belcher, Jules H. Neustadt, Clifford W. Darby, George W. Wilson, James E. Smith, J. Reed Elliott, J. B. Carroll, Stephen M. Ryan, Henry H. Hoffman, Hamlin Russell, Owen Miller, Benjamin E. Bloom, John B. Thompson, James W. Steele, John Greaves, George W. Ryan, Morris Evans, Percy Pepoon and B. C. Keeler.

As Mr. George was compelled to leave

p. 8, col. 3 early only an hour was occupied by the dinner. Mr. Nelson then read letters of regret from David R. Francis, governor of Missouri, and Rev. John Snyder, pastor of the Church of the Messiah, the leading Unitarian minister of St. Louis. Governor Francis expressed his regret at his inability to be present, and said:

I am pleased to learn that prominent citizens, representing all classes and all parties, are uniting to honor so distinguished a guest. An original thinker, a close reasoner, a man of honest and deep convictions, with the courage to express them and to accept the conclusions to which they lead, merits the courtesy and consideration of his fellow men. Mr. George as one of the ablest and foremost advocates of tariff reform in this country, has aided in making that most important question the all absorbing issue of to-day.

Rev. Mr. Snyder said:

I envy those friends who will have the opportunity of hearing him expound in his lucid and convincing fashion the sound principles of commercial freedom. This is a subject upon which I have read and thought a great deal, and I have never seen a single argument tending to show the right of a republic to prevent a citizen buying and selling where he pleases. In conclusion let me send you a sentiment: Free trade, the youngest child in that household of liberty in which free press, free platforms and free pulpit are the recognized heirs and representatives.

Mr. Nelson then introduced Mr. George, saying that he felt greatly pleased and honored in doing so. Mr. George thereupon made an eloquent and lucid address, which was attentively listened to by the large audience present, and frequently interrupted by laughter and applause.

[Our correspondent sends a full report of Mr. George’s speech, but it arrives at an hour that renders it physically impossible to put it in type for this edition of THE STANDARD. It will appear in full in our next issue.—ED.]

As soon as his speech was concluded Mr. George left hurriedly to catch his train. He spoke exactly fifty minutes, concluding at 7.55, and hurried with a few friends to his carriage to enable him to catch his train at 8 20^sic.

Saturday was a great day for the friends of the single tax in St. Louis. The people participating in the banquet were among our most prominent citizens, and the event is one that will do much toward breaking down the prejudice against which the single tax men of St. Louis have struggled so long, with a large and ever increasing measure of success Mr. George^sic will be given a breakfast to-morrow by the single tax club of Kansas City.

Some Irish Statistics.

Had Walter Scott’s sweet little friend, Margery Fleming, grown into the sort of womanhood that her marvelous infancy promised, doubtless she would have extended her profane opinion of the multiplication table to mathematics in general and statistics in particular. Certainly so clever and plain spoken a person as Margery could not have read Mr. T. W. Russell’s statistics, and their professedly dependent conclusions, in the Nineteenth Century for January, without an occasional explosion of strong language. Mr. Russell’s article is entitled “The Actual and the Political Ireland,” and it is designed to show how rarely any good thing comes out of that Nazareth, the Celtic west, and how useless it would be to grant home rule to Ireland as a whole. But Mr. Russell, like most statisticians, has fashioned a weapon to the hand of his enemy. He abundantly proves the superior thrift of eastern Ireland, a thing that nobody denied, but admits the excess of crime in this favored region, especially in the cities, and in this admission lies the danger to his whole theory; i. e.: that western Ireland is poor because it is Celtic. Here is what Mr. Russell’s statistics really prove: Eastern Ireland exceeds western Ireland in crime because eastern Ireland has great cities where flourish the vices of civilization, bred for the most part of land monopoly, as they flourish in almost no agricultural community, however unjust the land laws. If Mr. Russell could obtain statistics as to crime in the exclusively agrarian districts of eastern and of western Ireland, he would undoubtedly find that pauperism and her handmaiden crime, are in excess in the latter region. In fact Mr. Russell’s statistics carry the lesson that is taught by almost every investigation of social conditions—that land monopoly is the root of social ills.

London Charities.

Scratch a social problem and you find the land question. It is either in sight or just below the surface everywhere. It distinctly appears in the future of London charities as discussed by Robert Hunter in the Nineteenth Century for January. All the world knows that the “city” of London is but a small part of the metropolitan district. It is chiefly the great business part of the British capital embraced within the area inclosed by the old corporation’s walls. In 1861 the permanent population of this district was but 113,000. Now it is not more than 50,000. At night it is like downtown New York, a region of great empty business houses, inhabited by a few care takers. By day it is busy and densely populated. Once it was a populous resident quarter, and the city charities, dating backing for generations^sic, were founded with a view to then existing conditions. These charities derive their incomes chiefly from rents, and as rents have enormously advanced with the growth of trade, the incomes have steadily grown, until now the city charities have a revenue of nearly $500,000 a year. The charities were for the most part confined to parish boundaries, and the parishes have steadily shrunk in population. A city rector, so the story goes, was accosted by a well dressed woman in the street, who claimed his acquaintance on the ground that she was the “resident poor” of the parish. Mr. Hunter thus describes the change in the city’s condition:

Money was dear in those days, and rents were low. A house or garden would perhaps yield the parish an annual income of £20 or £30, enough to give a few poor men and women a suit of clothes at Christmas or a loaf every Sunday. Then came changes. Space became too valuable for residence. As leases fell in, courts and alleys were abolished, and stacks of warehouses and offices took their place. The modest property left to the parish became a small mine of wealth, while the poor of the parish disappeared. . . . Under such circumstances there was absolutely nothing to be done with the money but to make everyone connected with the church and the parish, from the rector to the beadle and the organ blower, exceedingly comfortable, and to maintain a few agreeable residents, such as the lady who interviewed her rector.

A royal commission appointed in 1878 discussed all this. Nearly half the parishes, it was learned, were without other population than a few clerks and care takers. The whole area of one parish was absorbed by the bank of England, and three-fourths of another by the general post office, yet the charities went on just as they did when this region was densely populated and had its thousands of resident poor. In 1883 an act was passed to empower the charity commissioners, temporarily strengthened, to study the charities and contrive some means to spend the income in question. The result showed that London was continued on p. 9 →

SINGLE TAX PLATFORM.

The single tax contemplates the abolition of all taxes upon labor or the products of labor—that is to say, the abolition of all taxes save one tax levied on the value of land, irrespective of improvements.

Since in all our states we now levy some tax on the value of land, the single tax can be instituted by the simple and easy way of abolishing, one after another, all other taxes now levied, and commensurately increasing the tax on land values, until we draw upon that once source for all expenses of government; the revenue being divided between local governments, state governments and the general government, as the revenue from direct taxes is now divided between tne^sic local and state governments, or a direct assessment being made by the general government upon the states and paid by them from revenues collected in this manner.

The single tax is not a tax on land, and therefore would not fall on the use of land and become a tax on labor.

It is a tax, not on land, bnt^sic on the value of land. Thus it would not fall on all land, but only on valuable land, and on that not in proportion to the use made of it, but in proportion to its value—the premium which the user of land must pay to the owner, either in purchase money or in rent, for permission to use valuable land. It would thus be a tax, not on the use or improvement of land, but on the ownership of land, taking what would otherwise go to the owner as owner and not as user.

In assessments under the single tax all values created by individual use or improvement would be excluded, and the only value taken into consideration would be the value attaching to the bare land by reason of neighborhood, etc. Thus the farmer would have no more taxes to pay than the speculator who held a similar piece of land idle, and the man who on a city lot erected a valuable building would be taxed no more than the man who held a similar lot vacant.

The single tax, in short, would call upon men to contribute to the public revenues not in proportion to what they produce or accumulate, but in proportion to the value of the natural opportunities they hold. It would compel them to pay just as much for holding land idle as for putting it to its fullest use.

The single tax, therefore, would—

1. Take the weight of taxation off of the agricultural districts when^sic land has little or no value irrespective of improvements, and put it on towns and cities where bare land rises to a value of millions of dollars per acre.

2. Dispense with a multiplicity of taxes and a horde of taxgatherers, simplify government and greatly reduce its cost.

3. Do away with the fraud, corruption and gross inequality inseparable from our present methods of taxation, which allow the rich to escape while they grind the poor. Land cannot be hid or carried off, and its value can be ascertained with greater ease and certainty than any other.

4. Give us with all the world as perfect freedom of trade as now exists between the states of our Union, thus enabling our people to share through free exchanges in all the advantages which nature has given to other countries, or which the peculiar skill of other peoples has enabled them to attain. It would destroy the trusts, monopolies, and corruptions which are the outgrowtns^sic of the tariff. It would do away with the fines and penalties now levied on any one who improves a farm, erects a house, builds a machine, or in any way adds to the general stock of wealth. It would leave every one free to apply labor or expend capital in production or exchange without fine or restriction, and would leave to each the full product of his exertion.

5. It would, on the other hand, by taking for public uses that value which attaches to land by reason of the growth and improvement of the community, make the holding of land unprofitable to the mere owner and profitable only to the user. It would thus make it impossible for speculators and monopolists to hold natural opportunities unused or only half used, and would throw open to labor the illimitable field of employment which the earth offers to man. It would thus solve the labor problem, do away with involuntary poverty, raise wages in all occupations to the full earnings of labor, make overproduction impossible until all human wants are satisfied, render labor saving inventions a blessing to all, and cause such an enormous production and such an equitable distribution of wealth as would give to all comfort, leisure and participation in the advantages of an advancing civilization.

The ethical principles on which the single tax is based are:

1. Each man is entitled to all that his labor produces. Therefore no tax should be levied on the products of labor.

2. All men are equally entitled to what God has created and to what is gained by the general growth and improvement of the community of which they are a part. Therefore, no one should be permitted to hold natural opportunities without a fair return to all for any special privilege thus accorded to him, and that value which the growth and improvement of the community attaches to land should be taken for the use of the community.

p. 10, col. 2

TWO OBJECT LESSONS.

OUR CHICAGO SOLDIERS.

RECENT SALES AND ASSESSMENTS

NEW YORK CITY.

James A. Herne and Professor Garland to Address the Actors—A Free Entertainment by the Manhattan Single Tax Club.

The Edwin Forrest lodge of the Actors’ order of friendship has begun a series of lectures under the heading of “Talks to Actors.” Included in the course is James A. Herne. Writing to THE STANDARD on the matter, Mr. Herne says:

I am invited to speak before the Edwin Forrest lodge of the Actors’ order of friendship at their lodge room in this city, Sunday evening, February 2, on “The relation of the player to the wage earner, and the bearing of the single tax on both.” I will have the distinguished privilege to there introduce Professor Hamlin Garland. The importance of this opportunity may be in part surmised when I tell you that I believe we will be the first speakers, who were not members of the order, ever permitted to address that lodge as a lodge. The result of the talk cannot be foretold; to me it means much. In it I see the stepping stone to a mass meeting of actors and the general public; from it I see the realization of what the actors have been pleased to term “Herne’s Dream,” and I now firmly believe that I shall have the pleasure to lay before our illustrious chief on his return home an invitation to address the Actors’ single tax league.

R. G. Ingersoll, in his lecture before the Albany bar association, gave evidence that he saw a glimmer of the truth embodied in the single tax; and, in order to help him to the point of seeing it all, the managing board of the Manhattan single tax club^sic, through W. E. Hicks, has sent him a handsomely bound copy of “Progress and Poverty.”

The regular monthly meeting of the club will be held Thursday evening, February 6. The entire membership are asked to be present, for the matter of increasing the dues is to be finally acted on.

A committee is looking for larger and more central quarters.

The state senate is shortly to send a committee to this city to examine into our methods of taxation, and the Manhattan club will be represented before it.

Percival Chubb delivered the lecture last Sunday evening; subject, “Work and its Reward.”

To-morrow evening, January 30, an entertainment will be given at the rooms consisting of music, singing, recitations and

p. 11, col. 2 readings. A very pleasant evening is promised to all who attend. All are invited.

BROOKLYN.

Increasing the Membership of the Brooklyn Club—Adopting the Social Feature.

The regular Wednesday evening meeting of the club of January 22 gave place to the first of a series of entertainments which the entertainment committee intends hereafter to make a feature of the club.

The club rooms were profusely and tastefully decorated with flags and lanterns, while outside illuminated banners proclaimed the club’s principles, “No taxes on the products of labor,” “We demand the Australian ballot” and “The secret ballot the republic’s only hope.” The principal features of the entertainment were an address and a couple of songs by Peter Aitken, character recitations by Charles Curley, ethiopian ditties by W. L. Thompson, and an address by David Jacobson. After E. K. Morris had explained the object of this new departure the members adjourned to the library and partook of the repast provided.

The weekly additions to the club’s membership, which had dropped to three or four during the holidays, again had an upward jump, thirteen members being elected Wednesday evening.

Our president has lately received from a clergyman in Winchester, Va., a request for information as to whether there is any general movement for the spreading of the doctrines taught in “Progress and Poverty,” a copy of which he has recently received.

On Sunday evening the lecture was delivered by Dr. I. K. Funk, one of the proprietors of the Voice, the prohibition organ, who spoke against high license. He showed that instead of abating the liquor evil, the effect of high license was to drive the business into the hands of the rich and powerful. All attempts to draw from the speaker the main cause of the rapid using up of nerve and brain force, which he declared was going on at an accelerating ratio, failed. He would not admit that want, and the fear of want, was the chief cause, or even an important one.

The demonstration of Messrs. Delano, Ferguson, Aitken and others, that while absolute prohibition of the liquor traffic would probably lessen the more brutal aspects of intemperance, it would simply result in a lowering of the standard of living, with a consequent increase in want and misery, and that the whole benefit would ultimately go to the land owner, was quietly but firmly ignored.

J. C. Fletcher, Brooklyn.—To my own knowledge the single tax cause is gaining ground every day among the K. of L. and Brooklyn central labor union. I find it easy to obtain signatures to the petition. I have written to the committee for fifty, and will send them all back signed.

NEW YORK STATE.

New Brighton, S. I.—We had a well attended meeting at Bola hall last Sunday afternoon at 3 o’clock. A. J. Wolf and others of the Manhattan single tax club: addressed us and answered questions.

George Winter, Middletown.—We are not making much noise, but we are pushing the single tax all the time, and the cause is steadily gaining.

NEW JERSEY.

The Paterson Men Make Converts With an Edition of “Progress and Poverty” in Hollandese.

J. A. Craig, Paterson.—Mr. John Filmer of the New Earth occupied the pulpit of the Rev. B. D. Palmer of the Swedenborgian church of this city on Sunday evening two weeks ago. Mr. Filmer spoke on the subject of “Free Trade and the Single Tax” and their relation to the New church doctrines. He was listened to with great attention throughout his address, and when he concluded, Mr. Palmer invited questions from his congregation, a number of which were promptly fired at the speaker, which, to the single taxers, at least, were promptly and satisfactorily answered. In dismissing his congregation Mr. Palmer advised them to study the single tax, and stated that it had withstood the criticism of the ablest minds the world over, and that, in his opinion no intelligent man upon careful study of the question could condemn it. Arrangements are being made to have another single tax lecture at the same place.

At the last meeting of the club the following were elected officers for the ensuing year: E. W. Neelis, president, re-elected; Paul Breen, first vice-president, re-elected; Charles M. Mick, second vice-president, re-elected; J. A. Craig, secretary-treasurer, re-elected. Meetings will hereafter be held every Monday evening at 169 Market street.

Mr. Frank Visser, a member of the club, has just finished the translation of the single tax platform into the Dutch language. We are having it printed in tract form for distribution among the Hollanders, of whom there are a great number hereabouts, most of whom are republican protectionists. Mr. Visser sent to the old country for a copy of “Progress and Poverty” in his native language, and with it he is doing good work among his countrymen here. Hollanders, as a rule, are hard to convince, but when once

p. 11, col. 3 convinced they make excellent fighters.

The club contemplates holding an entertainment some time in the near future. Single tax men who wish to see the secretary can do so at No. 169 Market street at any time during the day and at 8 p.m. in the evening.

J. D. Miller, Jersey City.—The following resolution was presented and adopted by the Standard single tax club of Jersey City, at its last regular meeting:

Resolved, That that part of the message of Governor Abbett to the legislature, referring to ballot reform, excepting the section favoring the distribution of official ballots outside the polling place, meets with our hearty approval, and that we congratulate him on the stand he has taken, and pledge him our hearty support in advancing the cause of pure elections.

MASSACHUSETTS.

The Ladies of Boston Listen to the Single Tax—William Lloyd Garrison Lecturing—Encouraging Reports.

Boston.—A number of ladies of this city have organized the Boston political class. They held a meeting January 15, at the Church of the Disciples. Mrs. H. R. Shattuck presided, and Miss C. Lobdell acted as secretary. The members took up for study parliamentary law and Martin’s “Civil Government.” Afterwards there was a debate upon the “Single Tax,” the affirmative being taken by Mrs. Adelaide Wilson and the negative by Mrs. Harriet H. Robinson. A general discussion followed. The next meeting will be held on the afternoon of January 29, on which occasion the debate will again be on the single tax.

W. L. Crossman, Roxbury.—“The Roxbury single tax league held a very successful meeting at Grand Army hall, Washington street, last evening. The meeting was called to order by Mr. F. W. Mendum, president of the league.” These were the words with which the Boston Herald commenced its report of our meeting on January 22. William Lloyd Garrison read an excellent paper on taxation, every argument of which received hearty applause. James R. Carret spoke of the effect the single tax would have on real estate, citing many instances where valuable lots are now adorned by invaluable buildings. William E. Bell, with facts and figures, showed how the war tariff had demoralized trade and strangled industries. He also answered questions from the audience.

An item announcing this meeting was sent to seven Boston daily papers asking the editors to publish it, and six of them complied. Small posters announcing the meeting and containing THE STANDARD’S former platform were posted throughout the district, some of which were torn down, the words “Free trade, free land, free men,” no doubt giving offense to the malicious individuals. This has been the experience of many with single tax stickers. But truth cannot be crushed.

E. K. Page, Worcester.—We can see considerable progress toward the single tax in this vicinity of late, especially since Henry George’s lecture here November 23, when many were enabled to see the advantages of the new system. On the third instant Rev. John Gregson, an Episcopal clergyman of Wilkinsonville, Mass., read an interesting paper on land tenure and the single tax. This gentleman is the only clergyman among the hundred or more residents in this locality who openly favor or manifest interest in this great moral cause. On January 6 we had Father Huntington with us, and although his coming was at short notice, there was present a fair-sized and intensely interested audience to hear the gospel of justice and humanity expounded in that enthusiastic worker’s earnest and impressive manner We know^sic of several who were converted by the forcible illustrations and convincing arguments, and many were interested sufficiently to inquire when our next meeting occurs. Friday evening, 24, Thomas G. Shearman delivered an address at the first public meeting of the Worcester tariff reform club to an audience of about 400. From the start, when Mr. Shearman declared himself not a tariff reformer, but an absolute free trader—wishing to reform the tariff as the Dutchman’s dog was curtailed, close behind the ears—to the close, he delivered sledge hammer blows at “the fetich of protection;” almost taking the breath away from some of the timid ones, but delighting a large proportion of the audience, especially the single taxers, who were out in force. The papers gave fair reports, so a much larger number will read than heard the principal points propounded. Our single taxers have just accepted the offer of the Worcester tri-weekly Globe to furnish a column of matter every Saturday; and we have as a member of the league the editor of the Swedish paper, the Fosterlandet, and we have access to the Daily Times, now owned by the prohibitionists. Altogether, the single tax idea is gaining ground, and so is free trade; of either we can say, “It is in the air.” We urge upon local single tax readers of THE STANDARD the duty of attending the meetings.

F. L. Childs, Hyde Park.—William Lloyd Garrison addressed a public meeting of the single tax league at the Young men’s Christian association hall, Friday evening, January 17, on “The Incidence of Taxation.” Professor

p. 11, col. 4 Hamlin Garland and Rev. James Huxtath, pastor of the Unitarian church, made speeches explaining the moral and fiscal reforms which would result from the adoption of the single tax. Mr. A. H. Grimke presided, and James A. Herne occupied a seat on the platform. Those present showed marked attention to the addresses, and we feel that several left the meeting with a bee in their hat that will finally buzz them into the single tax ranks.

J. Whidden Graham, North Attleboro.—William Lloyd Garrison will lecture at Attleboro on the evening of February 3, under the auspices of the Young men’s Christian association. Subject, “The Science of Taxation.”

James E. Connell, Cambridgeport.—I can see very plainly that working people in this vicinity are changing their views as to the question of taxation. The signer of one of the petitions I send you was last fall a very high tariff man. To-day he thinks the republican congress will make a big mistake if they do not reduce the taxes. The single tax men in this vicinity propose to join a K. of L. assembly here and try to push things.

G. W. Kezer, Newburyport.—I find it easy to get signatures to the petition, and, having used all the blanks I had, have sent to the committee for more.

PENNSYLVANIA.

The Special Tract of the Pittsburg Club—The Discussion in the Mauch Chunk Democrat.

Edmund Yardley, Pittsburg.—Our club has prepared a special tract for distribution at our meetings. We have bound together Shearman’s “Objections to the Land Tax,” and Post’s “The New Ballot System,” of the Single tax library, and prefaced them with two pages—the first page containing a declaration of self evident truths and the second a brief explanation of the single tax and what it will do. We thereby combine an explanation of the two issues now uppermost in the public mind, besides presenting each visitor with a tract that they will be sure to take home to read.

S. T., Mauch Chunk.—The editor of the Democrat has not been convinced by Mr. George’s answer published in THE STANDARD a few weeks ago. The impression here is that the editor did not read it all, for many here who are not with us, and who are in sympathy with Mr. Rauch, say that the answer covered every objection. However, “Amos” has taken up the cudgel in behalf of the single tax, and, judging from “Amos’s” first letter and the editor’s answer, the discussion will be interesting not only to the parties concerned, but to the Democrat’s readers generally.

Martin J. Kelly, Swatara.—I am getting signatures to the petition to congress. Our wish is that your cause, which is also ours, may triumph in the near future.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

Making a Change in the Methods of Carrying on the Agitation.

C. B. Hemingway, Washington.—The meetings of our league heretofore have been devoted almost exclusively to the discussion of abstract questions in connection with the single tax. This method of procedure has failed to attract outsiders to any great extent, and the attendance of members has fallen off. At our last meeting it was realized that the lack of interest was due to the fact that human nature grows tired of much theory and little effects, and that in order to forge ahead some definite line of work must be adopted. Our petition to congress has lain dormant for some time, experience having shown that it went too far to be popular. But that same experience has led to the conviction that a petition to abolish the tax on personal property alone would be almost universally approved, and that is what we have decided to do. It seems to me that if such a petition were started by the single taxers in each state, it might do more to open discussion than anything else would. It is certainly on “the line of least resistance,” and, once fairly started, would be taken up and strongly advocated by influences that would spurn or neglect any larger measure. Congress is the law making body of this district and the executive is lodged in three commissioners appointed by the president. Local self government is therefore a thing with which we are unacquainted. Single tax men here realize this, and they know that so long as the present system exists, all hope for local reforms of any kind are useless, as the unwieldy congress is not in touch with the people, and has no means of ascertaining popular opinion, and the influences it feels are only those which are most active—of course the special interests, and all legislation is therefore conservative. We have therefore undertaken to give a start to the organization of a citizens’ assembly, on the following basis: Each resident to have one vote for one representative, and to have the option of changing said vote at any time, the power of each representative to be fixed by the number of his constituency. No election days, no sectional representation, and tenure of office dependent on popular support. This gives proportional, instead of majority, representation, and by this means continued on p. 12 →

[continued on page 12] (no “continued” line is printed; the sentence resumes at the top of page 12, column 1, “a positive and accurate reflection of public opinion may be had.”)

E. O. Brown’s Coming Lecture—The Influence of the Single Tax Club.

Warren W. Bailey, Chicago.—Edward Osgood Brown will be the speaker on Thursday evening, January 30. On that occasion we hope to have a large representation of the legal profession, as we shall extend a special invitation to the fraternity to come out and hear Mr. Brown on “The Legal Aspects of the Single Tax.” Judge Mark Bangs will probably speak on the same evening and possibly one or two others will consent to add their testimony.

Latterly there has been a slight falling off in the attendance at the meetings of our club. This has been partly due to the economic conferences and partly to the all prevailing influenza.

There never was a time in the history of the movement in Chicago when the presence and active aid of all the friends were so much needed as they are now, when we are on the verge of a campaign wherein it is possible for us to achieve practical work of the most vital impertance^sic. The number of strangers who attend our meetings constantly increases, and I am quite confident that we have only to exert ourselves a little more to give the movement such an impetus as will carry it into practical politics within the next two years.

Mr. Marshall Beck, who has been absent at Dayton, Ohio, for a year past, will return next week and hereafter his fine abilities and zealous interest will be devoted to the work of our club.

The Leader for this week contains a brilliant editorial which, bearing on local politics, goes right to the heart of the real question which has been so industriously concealed by the party leaders and party organs. The Leader is an able champion of the doctrines of Jefferson.

Edward H. Bailey, Chicago.—So strong is public opinion against the granting of franchises free of cost that the Daily Morning News, the Daily Evening News and the Daily Times, besides a score of weekly papers, are arrayed against such practices. The single tax club and its members have been so powerful that the city council has been forced by public pressure to adopt its special assessment plan of building sewers and other public improvements.

W. B. Steers, Chicago.—In hunting for signers to the petition I find that quite a few decline because of the fear of their names coming back in some way to their employers. At the same time they say they agree with the single tax idea. I think, however, the fact of bringing to their notice that we single tax men are not dead, but are pushing the idea, serves to give them courage.

The Daily News of January 18 contains a sketch of the growth and work done by the Chicago single tax club. According to it the club is nearly three years old, and has between 300 and 400 members.

Louis Lesaulnier, Red Bud.—I have had printed on my business card an explanation of the single tax, and I inclose one in every letter I send out. I find these cards answer their purpose in a small way by causing discussion and arousing thought. I advocate the single tax with the same pleasure and zeal as in the beginning, but with much more success. I meet men daily now who see the justice of our arguments, and many more a-studying the question, and the result cannot be otherwise than beneficial.

The Work of the Memphis Club Bearing Fruit—Another Paper Comes Over.

Memphis.—The single tax association is beginning to get results from the literature they sent out some weeks ago. Bolton Smith, who has charge of the column in the Weekly Appeal devoted to single tax affairs, prints letters from members of the legislatures of Mississippi, Arkansas and Alabama who had THE STANDARD sent to them especially.

A. H. Williamson of Pine Valley, Miss., writes that he has read THE STANDARD diligently, and that he has “become convinced that it is a wrong idea to tax the industry of man;” and he says, which is of more importance, that “you may set me down as one of your single taxers. . . . All that is necessary ‘to see the cat’ is light.”

J. T. Eason of Coldwater, Miss., who says he “is a democrat of the old school,” says that “your single tax theories are at variance with every idea and principle of my life, and that an attempt to enforce such principles would deluge our fair land with blood.”

Mr. Smith, in commenting on Mr. Eason’s letter, says that “if Mr. Eason would only take the time and trouble to study this question to the bottom he would himself be with us, and will be yet before a great while.”

Hon. D. H. Hammons of Bentonville, Ark., says that he has always been “a progressive and aggressive reformer.” He is studying

p. 12, col. 2 the single tax, calling attention to it and speaking of it as worthy of investigation, He^sic has enlisted many inquirers, and is doing good work in clearing away obstacles to an impartial investigation. Continuing, he says: “I will do all I can to encourage its study and ultimate adoption. . . . Whether the single tax would be a sufficient substitute for all other taxation, I am not now able to determine. It is certainly the most equitable and just.”

S. P. Herron, Newcomb.—My efforts in procuring signatures to the petition are successful.

Our county paper, the Jacksboro Sentinel, is now edited by a republican, who says he will admit articles on the single tax. I was instrumental in getting him to do this, and I propose to put my best foot forward in an early issue^sic. .

“The standard^sic” to be Filed in a Library—The Lumbermen Listen.

L. W. Hoch, Adrian.—By the mail I send an order for a year’s subscription to THE STANDARD, and a copy of “Progress and Poverty,” a donation to the new library opened to the public in this city on January 1.

Charles Geron, Menominee.—I am traveling through the lumber districts, and find that the working lumbermen listen closely to what I have to say, and sign the petition willingly.

The Movement Gaining Great Strength in St. Louis—Resolutions Approving Chief Mayes’ Course and His Letter in Answer.

Percy Pepoon, St. Louis.—At last Sunday’s meeting the single tax league voted to discontinue its Sunday afternoon meetings and to rent its hall for Sunday afternoons to a mock congress. All societies and college students will be invited by special letters, and the public generally will be invited through the press to join in organizing the congress. Single taxers are enthusiastic over the possibilities in this move. As an indication of success, assurances were received from one college that forty students would be on hand.

The Tuesday night meetings of the league will continue to be addressed by prominent St. Louisans on all phases of the social question.

Mr. W. L. Sheldon has announced that in four weeks he will begin a series of lectures at the Ethical society, analyzing and comparing “Progress and Poverty” and “Looking Backward.”

The single tax league has lately attracted many recruits from labor organizations and the wealthy and influential citizens of St. Louis. Two notable additions to our membership are Mr. Durant, manager of the Bell telephone company, and John M. Dutro, treasurer of the St. Louis car wheel company. Mr. Dutro has been a member of the republican city committee, is a member of the world’s fair committee, and at the recent election was the candidate of the mercantile club, who received the highest vote on the ticket.

A request has been received from the Duquoin, Ill., single tax club for a speaker, his expenses to be guaranteed. The league will see that H. Martin Williams fills this Duquoin want. We can do the same for single taxers anywhere within a reasonable distance.

H. W. Allen, Kansas City.—The following resolutions were adopted at our last meeting:

Whereas, Articles have of late appeared in the public prints conveying an idea that the Cherokee nation is defying the government and citizens of the United States in refusing certain proposals made to it for its land or the use of it;

Whereas, The Cherokee nation is only exercising prerogatives guaranteed to it by treaties with the United States;

Whereas, Chief Mayes of the Cherokee nation has, by conserving to all his people the land as a common heritage, prevented land speculation;

Resolved, That this, the Kansas City single tax club, does hereby congratulate Chief Mayes upon his policy in the matter and the example he has given to more illustrious nations whose people are denied a fair use of the land.

A copy of the above resolutions was sent to J. B. Mayes, principal chief of the Cherokee nation, and brought from him the following reply:

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT } CHEROKEE NATION, } TAHLEQUAH, I. T., Jan. 11, 1890. }

Mr. H. W. Allen, Vice-President Single Tax Club, Kansas City, Mo.—Dear Sir: The resolutions adopted by the single tax club of Kansas City on December 29, 1889, congratulating me upon the policy I have followed in the matter of the proposed cession of our landed estate west of the Arkansas river to the United States government, has been received, and let me assure you, and through you the single tax club of Kansas City, that I fully appreciate the kindness and action taken in the premises, and that the resolutions will be copied in our books of record, and shall henceforth be a valued expression of sympathy and friendship from you for a weak and dependent people. Again thanking you for your solicitude and friendship, I have the pleasure to subscribe myself, yours very truly,

J. R. MAYES^sic, Principal Chief.

p. 12, col. 3 Warren Wasson.—I have sent 140 signed petitions to the committee. I had about forty more, but a small cyclone came along and swept them from my table out into the muddy street.

J. W. Swaw, High Gate.—We are having great fun with the high tariff men in this section, and by means of tracts and STANDARDS we now and then pull a man out of their ranks and include him in ours. We met at the house of W. M. Kinkead the other night and formed a single tax league by the election of William Kinkead as president and myself as secretary. We intend meeting for business every other Thursday evening. We are pressing the single tax with the people, and will shortly organize other leagues in the surrounding towns.

Moving Slowly but Surely—The Country Papers Useful in the Cause.

John S. Watters, New Orleans.—I cannot report much progress in our ideas in this section, though we are making some headway. A Baptist minister attended our last meeting, and assured us he was with us. We will try to reach the clergy generally, but so far have met with little encouragement. The lottery owns the state of Louisiana, including some real estate composed of clay, which the people are pleased to call legislators. The Australian ballot system is badly needed; but stands no show of adoption, probably for that reason. Of course the single tax is needed worse; but it seems impossible to convince the people, who complacently continue to pay certain citizens of France for the privilege of living in New Orleans, and really seem to think they like it. Paying rent seems to be an acquired taste, hard to overcome as the craving for alcohol.

E. Moone.—One of our members is going to make a canvass of all our local assemblies of the Knights of Labor to solicit their signatures to the petition of the enrolment committee. I wish Mr. Powderly would, in his paper, recommend the knights to sign it.

D. C. David, Ville Platte.—Money is scarce; but in a short time you can expect a number of subscriptions to THE STANDARD from here.

Our friends in Washington county have promised to form a loose organization there for propaganda work. The land for the people will soon be the slogan in this section. If I can get some of the monopolists to talk back I shall soon be able to report “an army in the field.”

I have for two months past been engaged in a business that caused me to travel over a large portion of St. Landry parish. I find the people everywhere earnestly engaged in discussing the land and tariff questions. I should say at least three-fourths are absolute free traders, and five minutes’ talk has been sufficient to fix them on the land question.

The declaration of the Knights of Labor has had a tremendous effect. It is so perfectly obvious that the intent in making allotments of land was to secure the best use of land that the dullest people do not fail to see that the failure to use ought not to exempt those who control land from paying their equitable share of the public expense. Four or five parties own one-half the land in this section absolutely and have mortgages on more than half the remainder. Three dollars rent for unfenced and ten dollars for fenced rice land is the price asked. Three dollars per annum for the pasturage of a cow, where till lately pasturage was free, is helping on the cause. Contrary to rule, farmers are at the head of the procession here.

I have promised to write some more articles for the St. Landry Democrat. My experience proves that the country newspaper is the best of all educators.

A Club Organized—Wanting to Organize.

J. L. Caldwell, Mart.—We organized a tax refrom^sic club here the other evening. Frank Grady, a promising young lawyer, is president and S. L. Jones, a newspaper reporter, secretary.

James Fitzgerald, Dallas.—I would like to assist in the organization of a single tax club in this city. If there are others in Dallas of the same mind, please address me, care of F. Ganzer, corner Main street and Trunk railway.

The Good Effect of Distributing Our Literature—Among the Farmers.

George W. Hatch, Coffeyville.—My STANDARDS are at once distributed to different and new persons each week, as soon as I have read them myself; and, to show the effect, the postmaster here said to me the other day, “Hatch, you have stirred up a regular hornet’s nest here with your papers.” I answered him that I was glad to hear it. And I am glad. The protection humbug is being lashed unmercifully.

E. Z. Butcher, Solomon City.—Andrew Reddick and myself are working in the farmers’ alliance, and do all we dare do for the cause. We have to be very cautious not to excite opposition. I hope soon to be able

p. 12, col. 4 to speak right out in meeting. Privately I never hesitate, and I am known as a Henry George man.

Interesting Letter from an Old New Yorker.

L. Reuther, Trinidad.—An old New York single tax man, I find myself transplanted into a section of the United States where land speculation shows in the highest degree the disadvantages of ownership of land. The country around us is stored full with excellent coal, not yet owned by big corporations. Our town, however, had its boom, prices of land advanced, and soon it was hard for newcomers to get a home. On the other hand, rents advanced, driving out those who could not get remunerative employment quickly. The boom collapsed, and it is interesting to see those very owners of our town and lands surrounding it (and very few they are) applying the principle of the single tax. They formed a syndicate, which bought a big tract of land in our town, which land they actually give away to parties who will use it to erect factories, smelters, etc. Of course, their object is to draw a population that “works” and will help to increase the rental value of their personal holdings. I have had arguments with some of those interested in this scheme, showing them a “claw of the cat,” where they would not see the entire animal. Some could see “reason” in the argument, but self-interest outweighed every other consideration. Still I got at least one of the most prominent land holders to come up so far as to talk of “compensation” for probable confiscation, as he calls it. I thought myself the only single tax man in town, gave my views on the principle here and there, created argument, and finally got an invitation to address the branch of the Chautauquan society of this city on the “Merits of the Single Tax.” I did the best I could, and certainly had with me the bulk of the audience, as questions and general argument soon showed. The root is planted and is bound to grow. I shall see that the soil is properly irrigated to help its growth.

A. B. Clark, Silver Plume.—A few years of the kind of agitation that is going on now will revolutionize the country. There are lots of single taxers, only they don’t know it yet.

Preparing to Receive George—Baiting the Protectionists.

W. G. Sellers, San Francisco.—We are anticipating with much pleasure Mr. George’s visit on his way to Australia, and have arranged for meetings on February 4 and 7 at Metropolitan temple.

We had a crowded meeting on January 5, the first of the new year, to hear Judge Maguire on “Landlordism the Basis of Aristocracy.” The subject was handled in the judge’s usual thorough manner. On last Sunday evening, the 12th, an able address was delivered by Joseph Leggett, esq., on the relation of the single tax to the interests of farmers.

The newspapers are no longer able to keep still about the single tax. They devote considerable space to misrepresentation, but won’t give us any space to speak of in answer.

On Friday, January 10, A. H. Sanborn and Walter Gallagher of our club, met Mr. Foley and another member of the Y. M. C. A. lyceum, at their hall, in a debate on “Does the protective tariff raise wages?” The decision of the judges, and also of the audience, was in our favor. The Chronicle, in commenting on the decision, said we had taken advantage of the lyceum by pitting experienced debaters against their inexperienced ones. We do not desire to take any unfair advantage, so our club has notifiud^sic the managers of the Chronicle that we are prepared to meet any protectionists, even its proprietor, if they desire to debate the question of protection with us.

San Francisco.—Again the Pacific Rural Press opens its columns to the single tax. This time it is J. W. Mackie, a Tulare farmer, who shows that great benefits would come to agriculturalists from the adoption of the single tax.

Maine.

M. Peary, Greenville.—Secretary Gilbert, of the state board of agriculture, in his annual report, says that perhaps, owing to the fact that their properties are more accessible to the assessors than other property, the farmers of Maine have to bear a great deal more than their share of the burden of state and municipal taxations. The Maine farmers do not realize the reason for it yet, but when they do the republican majority here will “slump” in a manner that will surprise the oldest inhabitant.

Vermont.

J. R. Hoadley, Rutland.—On Wednesday evening, January 22, we organized a reform club. Among the members are several who have seen the “cat” and others are making an effort to do so, and we think we shall be able to do some good work in the rural district of Vermont before another election time comes, as many farmers are beginning continued on p. 13 →

[continued on page 13]

The Essential Features of Ballot Reform.

First—All ballots shall be official and shall be printed and distributed at public expense.

Second—The names of all candidates for the same office shall be printed on the same ballot.

Third—All ballots shall be delivered to the voter within the polling place on election day by sworn public officials.

Fourth—Only official ballots so delivered shall be voted. The voter shall be guaranteed absolute privacy in preparing his ballot, and the secrecy of the ballot made compulsory.

Fifth—Voters shall have the right to nominate candidates by properly certified petitions.

HOPEFUL MARYLAND.

Tammany Blind to Signs of the Times.

Tammany hall has adopted resolutions commending Governor Hill’s attitude toward the Saxton bill, and attacking the bill itself in language full of unfair implications. The organization declares its hostility “to every law aimed at the integrity of the suffrage or calculated to restrict the control of the people over the administration of public affairs.” It also declares its readiness to co-operate in the enactment of any law to promote economy and purity in elections, but its unalterable opposition “to any legislation which, under the specious pretext of reform, seeks to impose any qualification on the suffrage, either of property or of education.” Furthermore, Tammany “will never consent to any change of the law which will surround the exercise of the suffrage with complications, embarrassments or discouragements,” but pledges hearty support to “any bill which will provide for the isolation of the voter while preparing his ballot, and for the furnishing by the state of envelopes in which all ballots shall be inclosed.” At the same time Tammany protests against “any change in our electoral system which would disfranchise a single honest man, by discouraging the exercise of the suffrage by the illiterate or the infirm, or which would prevent any citizen from declaring himself a candidate for any office and seeking the vote of his fellow citizens at any time down to the close of the polls, on equal terms with all his competitors^sic”

Amendments to the Saxton Bill.

Mr. Saxton announced several amendments to his bailot reform bill at the first nearing^sic before the senate committee. One provides that candidates be grouped under title of their party in parallel columns, the last column being left blank. If all parties fail to nominate for an office the county clerk shall leave blanks where voters may write in names of candidates for whom they wish to vote. In case of a candidate’s death an unofficial ballot will be permitted. To meet the governor’s so-called constitutional objection, it is provided that all names save that of the candidate for whom the voter wishes to vote shall be erased. Lieutenant-Governor Jones suggested that each party ticket have a device as a guide to the illiterate voter. Senator Grady violently assailed the bill and denied Mr. Ivins’s charge, incidentally made, that Governor Hill had helped to defeat Mr. Cleveland in 1888.

The canal and barbor^sic protection union of p. 13, col. 3 the state of New York, recently in session at Cooper union, unanimously adopted a resolution in favor of the Australian ballot as in the interest of the commerce of New York.

The New York state engineers’ society has adopted a resolution in favor of the reformed ballot.

Annapolis, Md., Jan. 27.—Senator Gorman’s friends in the democratic legislative caucus have passed a resolution declaring that all matters relating to a reassessment of property, registration and election laws should be made party measures and determined in caucus. The resolution passed by a vote of 43 to 25 against the protest of the ballot reformers. The resolution may endanger the power of the machine.

Reports of the Portland Advertiser from twenty towns having from 300 to 500 inhabitants, all over Massachusetts, indicate that the Australian system has been extremely economical. The expense to the towns was only from $5 to $15. Only two towns report more than $20 expenses.

The Brooklyn democratic club has declared for the essential principles of ballot reform and for a general registration law.

Moving a Town.

London Democrat.

A most hopeful piece of news comes from Tipperary. The people of this flourishing little town, determined not to be beaten in the struggle with their rack-renting landlord, propose to adopt a novel, but very effective, method of depriving him of his rents. They will simply leave the town and build up a new town on another estate, thus transferring to a new site all the value which, owing to to their presence, has hitherto attached to Mr. Smith Barry^sic’s land. Smith Barry has also derived a comfortable income from market tolls. The people have already erected a new market of their own elsewhere, in which evicted shopkeepers find accommodation and to which all the trade of the district is flowing; and Mr. Smith Barry’s income from tolls has vanished. Such proceedings of course entail some inconvenience and trouble on the tenants, but their effectiveness as a means of punishing the landlord can hardly be questioned. We regard them as hopeful signs, because such an object lesson in political economy cannot fail to make every Irishman understand that urban land values are almost entirely the creation of the public. When the population of the old town disappears, the land values will dissappear^sic also; if the population goes on to another site, the land values will follow them. To see the townsfolk of Tipperary carrying off Mr. Smith Barry’s rents and bodily depositing them on land “belonging” to Mr. Stafford O’Brien, cannot fail to make the Irish people realize what is the origin of all rent. They will not take long to discover that it is by no means necessary to give to another landlord—less obnoxious perhaps, but still a landlord—the economic rent of which they have so cleverly deprived Mr Smith Barry. When it is once clearly understood that land values belong to the people, because the people create them, it will no longer appear necessary to give them to any landlord whatsoever. What the Tipperary tenants are doing for Mr. Smith Barry may be done, without trouble or inconvenience, for every landlord by the simple method of the single tax, which will transfer the rent, not from the pockets of landlord A to those of landlord B, but from the pockets of both to the national exchequer.

A Glass Telephone.

Jerome Prince of Milford has lately been granted a patent on a new telephone of his own invention. His invention consists in the transmission of sound by the vibration of glass, and his attention was directed to the subject in a peculiar way. While waiting in Boston one day he chanced to wander into one of the dime museums, and as he entered he observed a young girl playing a tune on tumblers, each tumbler being partially filled with water. Mr. Prince instantly thought if the vibration of glass can be made to give forth such varied and musical sounds by the manipulations before him, why can not this vibration of glass be brought to some practical utility, and with these thoughts and expectations he set to work. The new telephone consists of a diaphragm or transmitter of simple glass resting on a number of glass rods, and these communicating with an ordinary wire. The line in operation at Milford extends from a grocery on Main street to the residence of one of the proprietors, a distance perhaps of some thirty rods, passing some five or six sharp angles before reaching its destination. Over this wire the ticking of a watch can be distinctly heard, and whispered conversation carried on with no difficulty whatever. The distance that sound can be transmitted with the new telephone varies p. 13, col. 4 according to the thickness of the glass transmitter. The one in consideration allows a whispered conversation three miles, and by using a thicker glass a much longer distance. It makes no difference how many angles the wire takes in reaching its destination, the sound is transmitted just as readily. Another peculiarity of the invention is the increased intensity of the sound that is transmitted. Each vibration seems to gather strength and force from the vibrations behind it, and when the sound reaches the ear of the auditor it is wonderfully clear and distinct. The transmission of these sounds without the aid of electricity would seem to be dependent upon principles not hitherto well understood.—[Boston Herald.

The Greed of the Landlord.

Correspondence Sheffield, England, Independent.

Mr. Ritchie, and his co-trustees, in the disposition of Sir Edward Guinness’s princely gift [a bequest for the building of houses for the poor], find themselves hampered on the threshold of their work by the demands made for suitable building sites. I hear of one particular site in the neighborhood of Victoria station. It has been valued at the instance of the trustees, and is estimated upon ordinary basis to be worth £8,000, but it is the only available site in the neighborhood, and the owner, taking advantage of the trustee’s^sic necessity, and his own unique position, modestly asks £120,000. This fact has a direct bearing upon the question of ground rents, which, included by Mr. Gladstone in the Manchester programme, may now be regarded as promoted to the rank of practical politics. That it is a burning question in all great towns is shown by the resolution passed the otner^sic day by the city council of Manchester, protesting against the immunity from rating enjoyed by the ground landlords.

All Floundering in the Mire.

Chicago Herald.

“Organization,” cries number one.

“Co-operation,” shouts another.

“More greenbacks,” says the third.

“Moral suasion,” bellows the fourth.

“Prohibition,” feebly cries the fifth.

“Too much population,” wails the sixth.

“Eight hours,” says the seventh.

“Ethical culture,” says the eighth.

“Strike,” hisses the ninth.

“Dynamite,” whispers the tenth.

“Over-production,” shouts the capitalist.

And “protection,” yells the greatest robber on earth.

Nothing to Hope from Us.

Mexican Financier.

The American people resemble the lion ensnared in the net, and, in this case the net has been woven by a pitiful race of politicians who content themselves with distributing petty offices, and maintaining a war tariff in time of peace. No conception of such a policy as would link the nations of Spanish America to the great republic by a system of establishing American banks, building railways, and aiding generally in the development of the countries with which trade is desirable is likely to come from men who profess to believe in the absurd economical doctrine, that tariff taxes make wealth.

The Pocket is Very Sensitive.

Springfield Mass., Republican.

The editor of the Cleveland Leader (rep.), being interested in an industry consuming copper, demands that the tariff on copper be removed; while the editor of the Cleveland Plain Dealer (dem.), being interested in the lead mines in the west, demands that the tariff on Mexican silver-lead ores be increasd^sic. Otherwise the Leader wants a high tariff and the Plain Dealer a low tariff. It takes the pocket argument to beat down party lines.

That’s Exactly How the Personal Property Tax Works.

Chicago Tribune.

“What do you value that handsome spaniel at, if I may ask?”

“Well, if you want to buy him he’s worth $500, and if you’re the assessor I reckon he’s worth about [10?] cents.”

The Air is Full of Progress.

[Hanchville?], Miss., Reporter.

Men absorb ideas unconsciously. In one breath they denounce Henry George and in the next express themselves as favorable to some of the very things he proposes.

[Advertisement] Consumption Cured.

An old physician, retired from practice, having had placed in his hands by an East India missionary the formula of a simple vegetable remedy for the speedy and permanent cure of Consumption, Bronchitis, Catarrh, Asthma and all throat and lung affections, also a positive and radical cure for Nervous Debility and all nervous complaints, after having tested its wonderful curative powers in thousands of cases, has felt it his duty to make it known to his suffering fellows. Actuated by this motive and a desire to relieve human suffering, I will send free of charge to all who desire it this recipe, in German, French or English, with full directions for preparing and using. Sent by mail by addressing with stamp naming this paper, W. A. Noyes, [820?] Powers’ Block, Rochester, N. Y.

[Advertisement] Ely’s Cream Balm

[Illustration: display advertisement. Left: lettering “Ely’s Cream Balm / THE CURE FOR / CATARRH / HAY-FEVER / AND / COLD IN HEAD”. Right: a boxed profile of a man’s head, phrenology-style, lettered across the skull and neck: “THE CURE FOR CATARRH / COLD IN HEAD / HAY FEVER / DEAFNESS / HEADACHE / ELY’S CREAM BALM / 50c”.]

Ely’s Cream Balm is not a liquid, snuff or powder. Applied into the nostrils it is quickly absorbed. It cleanses the head, allays inflammation, heals the sores. Sold by druggists or sent by mail on receipt of price.

50c ELY BROTHERS, 56 Warren Street, NEW YORK. 50c

Mr. Cleveland Speaks Out Again.

Grover Cleveland wrote to Fresident G. H. Huntoon of the Custom cutters’ national convention, recently in session at Chicago: “The question of tariff reform directly affects all the people of the land in a substantial way, and they ought to be interested in its discussion. I am afraid that a great many of our fellow citizens are too apt to regard this as a political question, intricate and complex, affecting them^sic in a remote way, and one which may well enough be left for politicians to wrangle over. This induces a neglect of the subject on the part of a great number of our people, and a willingness to blindly follow the party to which they happen to belong in their action upon it. It is a good sign to see practical men, such as belong to your association, discussing the question for themselves. If this is done intelligently, and with sincere intent to secure the truth, tariff reformers, I think, have no need to fear the result of such discussion.”

Trusts, Pools and the Tariff.

Professor Arthur T. Hadley of Yale university spoke before the Reform club last Friday night on “Pools and Trusts.” He defined the two as different means to the same end, limitation of compensation; the former affecting this by contract, the latter by virtual consolidation. Limitation of competition was a mixture of the bad and the inevitable. The large capital now invested in industries prevent^sic competition from automatically regulating prices as it once would. With a large fixed capital competition reduces the prices too low. The railroad can better afford to run at rates that pay bare operating expenses than not to run, and if competition goes on between roads the price goes down ruinously. The consequence is an alternation of very low and very high prices. On the other hand, if competition be abandoned to only one combination there is certain to be a great loss in efficiency.

As consolidation is inevitable, Mr. Hadley was of the opinion that the great present question was how to tide over the period before men learn not to abuse the power that results from combination. He thought legislative interference unwise, as business men are likely to learn the lesson before congress can pass a really just law on this subject. A reform of the tariff would remove part of the evil of monopoly, but trusts should be required to act with the same publicity that railway companies act.

Mr. Hadley’s laissez faire policy was supported in short speeches by Louis Windmuller, Simon Sterne, Robert M. Thompson, Horace White, Charles Beach, Jr., and Alfred Bishop Mason.

Indiana is Well Organized^sic.

Indiana’s tariff reform league, now nearly a year old, held a meeting at Indianapolis a few days ago and received encouraging reports from all parts of the state. The league is organized in seventy out of ninety two counties. M. W. Lee of Crawfordsville, the league’s organizer, declares that the tariff reform sentiment of Indiana has doubled its strength within a year. Edgar A. Brown of Indianapolis is president of the league. At Wabash the other day, 200 farmers who voted for Harrison and protection in 1888 enrolled themselves as new members of the congressional district tariff reform league and made themselves hoarse with cheering for Cleveland.

S. J. Ritchie and Congressman Butterworth argued before the house ways and means committee on Friday in favor of trade reciprocity. Mr. Ritchie, who is interested in Canadian mines, urged the admission of ores into the United States free of duty, containing iron, copper, nickel and sulphur, upon the ground that such admission accords with the broadest possible interpretation of the protective doctrine.

The Retail and wholesale marble dealers’ association of New England and the provinces, recently in session at Boston, adopted and sent to the house ways and means committee a resolution declaring that, if the present tariff on marble is retained, it will be impossible for our manufacturers to compete with foreign dealers, and asking that the tariff on marble be accordingly increased.

The Cause of the Mild Weather.

New York Herald.

The prime cause of the extreme mildness is probably to be found in the sun’s quiescence and consequent failure to radiate the average amount of heat upon the tropics, and hence the persistency with which the north Atlantic area of high barometer remains so far north, forcing our western storm^sic to move northeast and thus to draw tropical air currents over the United States.

Two Good Protection Reasons.

Kansas Commoner.

Crank—Hello, Mr. Farmer, why were times so hard in 1886-7-8?

Farmer—O, that’s easy; we didn’t have good crops.

Crank—Hello, Mr. Farmer, why are times so hard in 1889?

Farmer—O, you can’t catch me, you old anarchist; I am prepared for all such questions as that. It is because we have raised too much.

p. 14, col. 2

Could a Czar Do More.

Boston Globe,

Here’s the Reading railroad ordering all its bearded conductors to shave off their whiskers under penalty of dismissal.

p. 14, col. 3

Catarrhal Deafness—Hay Fever—A New Home Treatment.

Sufferers are not generally aware that these diseases are contagious, or that they are due to the presence of living parasites in the lining membrane of the nose and eustachian tubes. Microscopic research, however, has proved this to be a fact, and the result of this discovery is that a simple remedy has been formulated whereby catarrh, catarrhal deafness and hay fever are permanently cured in from one to three simple applications made at home by the patient once in two weeks.

N. B.—This treatment is not a snuff or an ointment; both have been discarded by reputable physicians as injurious. A pamphlet explaining this new treatment is sent free on receipt of stamp to pay postage, by A. H. Dixon & Son, 337 and 339 West King street, Toronto, Canada.—[Christian Advocate.

Sufferers from Catarrhal troubles should carefully read the above.—[Adv.

ANNOUNCEMENTS.

Ministers of all denominations are earnestly and cordially invited to join the brotherhood.

The headquarters of the brotherhood are at 27 Clinton place, New York city.

All meetings and receptions of the brotherhood will be held (unless otherwise announced) at the headquarters.

The monthly business meetings will be held on the first Monday of each month at 2.30 p. m.

The publications of the brotherhood and “books recommended” can be obtained from the secretary. Specimen copies can be seen in the library of the brotherhood at headquarters.

Please address all communications (including those containing donations, subscriptions and dues) to the secretary, the REV. DR. THACKERAY.

Newtown, L. I., N. Y.

THE CONSTITUTION.

I. Title.

The name of this society shall be “The Single Tax Brotherhood of Religious Teachers.”

II. Membership.

The membership shall be confined in general to ministers of recognized standing in any religious denomination.

Any such minister of religion who is in favor of the adoption of the “single tax on land values” may be proposed for admission to the brotherhood, and if elected by the executive committee he thereupon becomes a member.

III. Principles of the Brotherhood.

1. The ownership of the land is and must ever remain in the hands of the Creator alone.

2 The Creator gives to every generation in succession (during its lifetime only (the right^sic of possession in order that it may enjoy the usufruct (i. e., the use and benefit) of the land.

3 Every individual of each generation has an equal right to share in the usufruct of the land.

4. The conditions on which the possession of land is permitted to individuals should be such as to ensure impartially to all a share in the Creator’s bounty.

IV. Declaration.

We believe that these principles find their legal and economic expression in the single tax on land values, and we therefore earnestly hope and labour for its speedy adoption.

V. Work and Aims of the Brotherhood.

1. To direct the attention of ministers of religion to the distinctively religious aspects of the single tax movement.

2. To encourage ministers of religion in presenting these aspects of the single tax movement to their congregations.

3. To promote the furtherance of the movement by any other means in their power.

VI. Methods of Work.

The means adopted and recommended for the prosecution of this work are:

1. The circulation and recommendation of books, leaflets, tracts and other literature relating to the single tax and kindred subjects.

2. The delivery and publication of sermons and addresses relating to single tax subjects.

3. Work through the public press.

4. Personal influence and social intercourse whenever opportunity offers.

VII. Organization.

The brotherhood will extend its operations chiefly (but not exclusively) throughout the United States and Canada, and will have its headquarters in New York city.

Local branches may be affiliated with it.

A printed list of all the brethren shall be issued annually, or at convenient intervals, and a copy sent to every brother in good standing

Dues, one dollar per annum.

VIII. Meetings.

The brethren will meet for business usually once a month

At these meetings the order of business shall be as follows:

Agenda. Part I.

1. Silent prayer
2. Reading of minutes.
3. Reading of communications by the secretary.
4. Reports of officers and special committees.
5. Notices and announcements of future meetings and arrangements.
6. Unfinished business.
7. New business.

Agenda. Part II.

The business of Part I being concluded, then may follow, either:

(a.) A paper to be read.

(b.) An address by an invited speaker. Or

(c.) A discussion initiated on some subject connected with the single tax or cognate matters.

IX. Receptions.

Occasional meetings or receptions will be held by the brethren to welcome ministers and others; and opportunity will be afforded to those who may desire to obtain information or to state difficulties and discuss objections to the single tax in friendly conversation or informal discussion with the brethren.

Invitations for a like purpose from ministers and others will also be cordially welcomed by the brethren.

BY-LAWS.

I. The regulation and management of the affairs of the brotherhood shall be in accordance with the constitution and by-laws which are now or may hereafter be enacted for that purpose.

2. The officers shall include an executive committee of not less than seven members, a secretary and treasurer. The secretary and treasurer shall be ex-officio members of the executive committee. The government of the brotherhood shall be in the hands of the executive committee, subject to the constitution and by-laws. A quorum of the committee shall consist of not less than three members, not counting members ex-officio

3. The executive committee, the secretary, the treasurer and any other officers shall be elected by the brethren annually for each year. Their term of office shall expire on December 31 or as soon thereafter as their successors shall be elected.

4. Whenever any office of the brotherhood shall become vacant (otherwise than by expiration of term) notice of the vacancy shall be given at the ensuing monthly meeting and a member shall be elected by the brethren to fill the vacancy at the monthly meeting next after.

V. No alteration or addition shall be made to the constitution and by-laws except by a two-thirds vote of the brethren present at two consecutive monthly meetings.

ARKANSAS.

LITTLE ROCK.—Little Rock single tax club. Every alternate Thursday evening, 717 Main st. Pres^sic., Sol F. Clark; sec., O. D. Hemming, 1910 Main st.

CALIFORNIA.

SAN FRANCISCO.—California single tax society. Every Sunday evening, St. George’s hall, 909½ Market st. Library and reading room open from 9 a.m. to 10 p.m., 841 Market st. Pres., H. L. Pleace; sec., G. A. Hubbell. Address of all officers, 841 Market st.

SACRAMENTO.—Single tax club of Sacramento. Every Friday evening, Dr. Reed’s office, 6th and K sts. Pres., Dr Thos. B. Reed; sec., C. W. Farnsworth, 1406 4th st.

OAKLAND.—Single tax club No. 1 meets every Friday evening at St. Andrews hall, 1056½ Broadway. Pres., A. J. Gregg; sec., W. H. Messenger.

LOS ANGELES.—Los Angeles single tax club. Pres., A. J. Gray; sec., Clarence A. Gray, rooms 24-25 Bryson-Bonebrake block.

SAN DIEGO.—San Diego single tax county committee. Every Monday evening, 139 10th st. Chairman, Geo. B. Whaley, box 1088.

BLACK DIAMOND.—Contra Costa county single tax committee. Jeff. A. Bailey, sec.

COLORADO.

DENVER.—Denver single tax association. Every Thursday evening, 1448 Lawrence st. Pres,, G. H. Phelps; sec., F. H. [Monroe?], 2951 Marion st.

PUEBLO.—Commonwealth single tax club. First and Fourth Thursdays at office of D. B. V. Reeve, Union av. Pres., D. B. V. Reeve; sec., J. W. Brentlinger, Pueblo Smelting and Refining Co.

GRAND JUNCTION.—Mesa county single tax and ballot reform club. Pres., James W. Bucklin; sec., Geo. Smith.

CANYON CITY.—Single tax committee; sec., Dr. Frank P. Blake.

[HAWKHURST?].—Plateau Valley single tax club. Pres., John W. Hawkxhurst^sic; sec., E. H. Parkenson.

CONNECTICUT.

NEW HAVEN.—Tax reform club. Every Friday evening, room 11, 102 Orange st. Pres., Willard D. Warren; sec., Alfred Smith, 105 Day st.

MERIDEN.—Meriden single tax club. 3 p. m. every Sunday, Circle hall. Pres., Wm. Hawthorne; sec., Wm. Williss, P. O. box 1342.

DAKOTA.

STATE.—South Dakota single tax association. Pres^sic., Judge Levi McGee of Rapid City; sec., W. E. Brokaw, box 146, Bristol.

RAPID CITY.—Black Hills single tax league. Last Saturday in each month, Library hall. Pres., Judge Levi McGee; sec., Francis H. Clark.

MADISON.—Lake county single tax club. Chairman, Prof. E. H. Evanson.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

WASHINGTON. — Washington single tax league; always open; regular meeting Friday evening, 609 F street, N. W. Pres., Paul T. Bowen; sec., Wm. Geddes, M. D., 1719 G st., N. W.

FLORIDA.

PENSACOLA.—Pensacola single tax club No. 1. Tuesday evenings, K. of L. hall, corner of Zaragosa and Palafox sts. Pres., J. Davis Wolfe; sec., James McHugh.

TAMPA.—Thomas G. Shearman single tax league. First Monday in each month, business meeting; Sundays, public speaking. Pres., C. E. Ainsworth; sec., John H. McCormick.

GEORGIA.

ATLANTA, Ga.—Atlanta single tax club No. 1. Pres., J. M. Beath; sec., J. Henley Smith, 67 Whitehall st.

AUGUSTA.–Augusta single tax club. Every Friday evening, Hussar hall. Pres., Ed. Flury; sec. George Haines, care of Loflin & Meyer.

ILLINOIS.

CHICAGO.—Single tax club No. 1. Every Thursday evening, club room 4, Grand Pacific hotel. Pres., Warren Worth Bailey; sec. T. W. Wittler, 426 Milwaukee ave.

SPRINGFIELD.—Sangamon single tax club. Pres., Joseph Farris; sec., James H. McCrea, 623 Black ave.

JACKSONVILLE.—Morgan county single tax club. Pres., Col. Wm. [Camm?] of Murrayville; sec., Chas. W. Alexander of Jacksonville.

SPARTA.—Single tax committee. Sec., Wm R. Bailey.

QUINCY.—Gem City single tax club. Every Friday evening, Opera house building. Pres., C. F. Perry; cor. sec.,Duke Schroer, 327 S. 3d.

INDIANA.

STATE.—Indiana single tax league. Pres., Henry Rawie, Anderson; vice-pres., L. P. Custer, Indianapolis; sec., Thos. J. Hudson, 155 Elm st., Indianapolis. State executive committee. Henry Rawie, Anderson; S. W. Williams, Vincennes; L. O. Bishop, Clinton; Dr. C. A. Kersey, Richmond; Chas. G. Bennett, Evansville; Wm. Henry, Connersville; W. E. McDermut^sic, Ft. Wayne; T. J. Hudson, J. F. White, L. P. Custer, Indianapolis.

CLINTON.—Single tax club; Sunday afternoons, 3 o’clock, Argus office. Pres., W. V. Wells; sec., L. O. Bishop.

FORT WAYNE.—Single tax club. Pres., W. E. McDermutt; vice pres., J. M. Schwerzgen; sec., Henry Cohen.

INDIANAPOLIS.—Indianapolis single tax league. Every Tuesday evening, 8 p. m., Mansur hall, n. e. cor. Washington and Alabama sts. Pres., Dr. Brown; sec., L. P. Custer.

EVANSVILLE.—Single tax association. Pres., Edwin Walker; sec., Charles G. Bennett.

RICHMOND.—Single tax club. Pres., C. S. Schneider, 105 South Third st.; sec., M. Richie, 913 South A st.

IOWA.

BURLINGTON.—Burlington single tax club. First and third Wednesday of each month, 313 Jefferson st. Pres., Richard Spencer; sec., Wilbur Mosena, 920 Hedge ave.

DES MOINES.—Single tax club. Pres., H B. Allison, box 4; sec., J. Ballangee.

COUNCIL BLUFFS.—Council Bluffs single tax club; second and fourth Sunday of each month, 2.30 p.m.; 724 Sixth st. Pres., Chas. Stevenson; sec., L. Kinnehan, [826?] W Broadway

p. 15, col. 2 ALLERTON.—Tax reform club. Every Thursday evening, Vest’s hall. Pres., A. J. Morgan; sec., D. D. Shirley.

MASON CITY.—Single tax committee; 1st and 3d evenings of each month at Dr. Osborne’s office. Pres., J. A. Scranton; sec., J. S. Mott.

KANSAS.

ABILENE.—Single tax club. Pres., C. W. Brooks; vice-pres., H. Charters; sec., A. L. Russel.

GROVE HILL.—Grove Hill single tax club. Thursday evenings, Grove Hill school house, Lincoln township, Dickman county. Pres., E. Z. Butcher; sec., Andrew Reddick.

LOUISIANA.

NEW ORLEANS.—Louisiana single tax club. Second, third and fourth Thursdays of each month, at 205 Canal st. Pres., John S. Watters, Maritime association; sec., Geo. W. Roberts, 326 Thalia st.

MAINE.

AUBURN.—Auburn single tax club. Saturday evenings, room 3, Phœnix block, Main st.; reading room open every evening. Pres., Wm. G. Andrews; sec., H. G. Casey.

LEWISTON^sic—Single tax committee. Every Wednesday evening, 79 Summer st. Chairman, F. D. Lyford; sec., Joseph Walsh, 79 Summer st.

MARYLAND.

BALTIMORE.—Single tax league of Maryland. Every Thursday evening, 415 N. Eutaw st. Pres., Wm. J Ogden; sec., J. W. Jones, 31 N. Caroline st.

MASSACHUSETTS.

BOSTON.—Boston single tax league, Wells’s memorial hall. Pres., Hamlin Garland; sec., Edwin M. White, 27 Pemberton square.

Neponset single tax league. Every Thursday evening, 389½ Neponset ave., Boston. Sec., Q. A. Lothrop, 43 Walnut st.

Dorchester single tax club. Every other Wednesday evening, Field’s building, Field’s Corner. Pres., Ed Frost; sec., John Lavis, 13 Leonard st.

Roxbury single tax club. Pres., Frank W. Mendum; sec., Henry C. Romaine, 250 Ruggles st.

STONEHAM.—Stoneham single tax league. Pres., Dr. W. Symington Brown, Stoneham.

LYNN.—Lynn single tax league. Pres., C. H. Sibby st^sic.; sec., John McCarty, 14 South Common st.

WORCESTER. — Tenth district single tax league of Worcester. Friday evenings, Swedish hall, 32 Front st. Pres., Thomas J. Hastings; sec., Edwin K. Page, Lake View, Worcester.

LAWRENCE.—Lawrence single tax club. Every Thursday evening, Col. J. P. Sweeney’s office. Pres., Col. John P. Sweeney; sec., John J. Donovan, city clerk’s office.

HYDE PARK.—Single tax club. Sec., F. S. Childs, 40 Charles st.

ORANGE.—Single tax league of Orange. First Wednesday of each month, pres. and secretary’s residence. Pres., H. W. Hammond; sec., Charles G. Kidder.

NEWBURYPORT.—Merrimac assembly. Saturday evenings, 48 State st. Pres., Dennis F. Murphy; sec., W. R. Whitmore, 236 Merrimac st.

MALDEN.—Single tax club. Meetings fortnightly at Deliberative hall, Pleasant st. Pres., Geo. W. Cox, Glenwood st.; sec., Edwin T. Clark, 100 Tremont st.

MICHIGAN.

STURGIS.—Sturgis club of investigation. Every Tuesday evening, C. Jacob’s justice court room. Pres., Rufus Spalding; sec., Thomas Harding.

SAGINAW.—Single tax club, rooms 413 Genesee av., East Saginaw. Pres., Edward L. Weggener; sec., Jas. Duffy, 803 State st.

MINNESOTA.

MINNEAPOLIS. — Minneapolis single tax league, 502 First ave. s. Pres., C. J. Buell; sec., J. A. Sawyer.

ST. PAUL.—Pres., H. C. McCartey; sec., R. C. Morgan, Northern Pacific railroad office.

MISSOURI.

ST. LOUIS.—St. Louis single tax league s. e. cor. 8th and Olive, meets every Tuesday evening Rooms open^sic every evening. Pres., H. H. Hoffman; sec., J. W. Steele, [2213?] Eugenia street.

“Benton School of Social Science.” Saturday, 8 p. m., 6839 Waldemar ave., St. Louis. Pres., Dr. Henry S. Chase; sec., Wm. C. Little.

LA DUE.—The Reform club of La Due. Pres., W. Stephens; sec., Jas. Wilson.

KANSAS CITY.—Kansas City single tax club. Lectures Thursday evenings at 8 o’clock and Sunday afternoons at 3. Headquarters, cor. 15th st. and Grand av.; open every week day until 10 o’clock p. m.; the public cordially invited. Pres., H. S. Julian; sec., J. C. Williams, N. Y. Life building.

HERMANN.—Single tax committee. Pres., R. H. Hasenritter; sec., Dr. H. A. Hibbard.

GATE CITY.—Single tax league. Meetings on alternate Thursdays at the house of W. M. Kinhead^sic. Pres., Wm. Kinkead; sec., J. W. Swaw.

NEBRASKA.

OMAHA.—Omaha single tax club. Sunday afternoons, Gate City hall, cor. 13th and Douglas sts. Pres., Rufus S. Parker; sec., Cyrus F. Beckett, 411 N. 23d st.

WYMORE.—Henry George single tax club. Pres., H. C. Jaynes; sec., J. A. Hamm.

NEW JERSEY.

JERSEY CITY.—Standard single tax club. Public meeting every Sunday night at Humboldt hall, 186 Newark av.; business meetings every other Friday evening at the Avenue house, “Five Corners.” Pres., E. N. Jackson, 23 Magnolia av.; sec., Joseph Dana Miller, 267 Grove st.

NEWARK.—Newark single tax club. Pres., Herbert Boggs, 82 Broad st; sec., M. G. Gaffney 43 Warren place^sic.

PATERSON.—Passaic Co. single tax club. Pres., E. W. Nellis; sec., John A. Craig, 192 Hamburg ave. Meetings every Monday evening at 169 Market street.

S. ORANGE.—S. Orange single tax club. Pres., E. H. Wallace; sec., Henry Haase.

VINELAND.—Vineland single tax and ballot reform club. Pres., Rev. Adolph Roeder; sec., Wm. P. Nichols, box 924.

JANVIER.—Janvier single tax and ballot reform club. Alternate Thursday evenings, Janvier hall. Pres. W. J. Rice; sec., Sydney B. Walsh.

p. 15, col. 3 WASHINGTON.—Washington land and tax club. Pres., John Morrison; sec., W. H, Christine^sic.

BAYONNE.—Single tax committee. Chairman. Wm. B. DuBois^sic.

PASSAIC.—Single tax committee of Passaic. Pres., Oscar D. Wood.

NEW YORK.

NEW YORK.—Manhattan single tax club. Business meeting, first Thursday of each month, at 8 p. m.; other Thursdays, social and propaganda. Every Sunday, 8 p. m., lecture. Club rooms, 36 Clinton pl.; open every day from 6 p. m. to 12 p. m. Pres., Louis F. Post; sec., A. J. Steers.

Harlem single tax club, room 3, 247 West 125th st. Business meeting every Tuesday, 8.30 p. m. Whist and social evening every Thursday. Pres., Eugene G. Muret; sec., Chas. H. Mitchell.

The West Side single tax club. Every Thursday evening, 490 Eighth ave. Pres., Dr. David Wark; sec., Daniel Cavanago, 387 8th ave.

BROOKLYN.—Brooklyn single tax club. Club house, 56 Livingston st. Open every evening. Discussions Wednesday evenings. Business meetings Friday evenings. Lectures Sunday evenings. Pres., Peter Aitken; cor. sec., Robert Baker, 884 Greene av.

The Eastern District single tax club. Wednesday evening, Oriental hall, 316 Bedford ave. Pres., John Britton; sec., Joseph McGuinness, 215 Ross st.

BUFFALO.—Tax reform club. Every Wednesday evening, Yox hall, cor. Watson and Howard sts. Pres., S. C. Rogers; sec., H. B. Buddenburg, 824 Clinton st.

ROCHESTER.—Rochester single tax union. Wednesday, 8 p. m.; Sunday, 3 p. m.; 80 Reynold’s Arcade. Pres., J. H. Bluntach; sec., J. M. Campbell, 30 Charlotte st.

ALBANY.—Single tax club. Tuesday evening, 8 p. m., 68 Washington ave. Rooms open every evening. Pres., Alexander Gregory; cor. sec., James J. Mahoney, 2 Division st.

SYRACUSE.—Single tax club of Onondaga. 26 Butler block. Pres., F.A. Paul; sec., H. R. Perry, 149 South Clinton st.

POUGHKEEPSIE.—Single tax club. Every Thursday evening, 8 p. m., 226 Union st. Pres., W. C. Albro; sec., F. S. Arnold.

AUBURN.—Single tax club. Mondays, 7.30 p. m., College hall. Pres., Dan. Peacock; sec., H. W. Benedict, 6 Morris st.

ELLENVILLE.—Single tax club of Ellenville. First and third Monday of each month, Canal st., over E. Bevier’s drug store. Pres., Wm. Lambert; sec., Benj. Hull.

FLUSHING.—Single tax club. Pres., D. C. Beard; sec., Fred Sheffield.

NEW BRIGHTON, S. I.—Richmond county single tax club. Every Monday evening, Parabola hall, New Brignton^sic. Pres., J. S. Cogan; sec., A. B. Stoddard, W. New Brighton.

NORTHPORT.—Single tax committee. Sec., J. K. Rudyard.

OWEGO.—Single tax committee. Sec., Perry Hyde.

TROY.—Single tax club. Meetings weekly at 576 River st. Pres., Henry Sterling; sec., B. B. Martis, 576 River st.

COHOES.—Single tax committee. Pres., P. C. Dandurant; sec., J. S Crane 128 Ontario st^sic.

GLOVERSVILLE.—Single tax committee. Chairman, A. P. Slade; sec., Dr. Wm. C. Wood, 30 S. Main st.

SCHUYLERSVILLE.—Schuylersville single tax club. Every Friday evening, residence of J.H. Bullard. Pres., J. H. Bullard; sec., R. S. Wells.

JAMESTOWN.—Single tax club of Jamestown. Last Saturday evening of each month. Pres., Adam Stormer; sec., F. G. Anderson, 300 Barrett st.

YONKERS.—The Jefferson club, 85 Main st. Always open. Business meeting every Tuesday evening at 7.45.

OHIO.

STATE.—Ohio Single tax league. State executive board: Chairman, C. S. Walker, foot of Evans st., Cincinnati; vice chairman, L. E. Siemon, 7 Greenwood st., Cleveland; treas., W. W. Kile, 23 E. 5th st., Dayton; sec., Edw. L. Hyneman, room 3, 348½ S. High st., Columbus.

CLEVELAND.—Cleveland single tax club. Every Wednesday evening, 8 p. m., 144 Ontario st., room 16. Pres., Tom L. Johnson; sec., C. H. Nau, room 25, Standard block.

CINCINNATI.—Cincinnati single tax club. Every Sunday afternoon at Douglass Castle hall, cor. 6th and Walnut sts. Pres., James Semple, 478 Central av.; sec., Alfred H. Henderson, 23 Clark st.

COLUMBUS.—Central single tax club. Sec., Edw. L. Hyneman, 348½ S. High st.

TIFEFN^sic—Single tax committee. Sec., Dr. H. F. Barnes.

HAMILTON.—Hamilton single tax club. Every Saturday evening at 314 High st. Pres., Howard Rich; sec., Ambrose Strang, 742 E Dayton st^sic.

GALION.—Galion single tax club. Every Monday evening, residence of P. J. Snay, 103 S. Union st. Pres., P. J. Snay; sec., Maud E. Snay.

ZANESVILLE.—Central single tax club. Pres., C. A. Potwin; sec., W. H. Loughead, 47 Van Buren st.

DAYTON^sic —Free land club. Pres., John Birch; Sec., W. W. Kile; 108 E. 5th st.

AKRON.—Akron single tax club. Pres, Jno. McBride^sic; sec., Sam Rodgers.

MIAMISBURG.—Land and labor association of Miamisburg. Pres, C. F. Beall; sec., J. F. Beals.

MANSFIELD.—Mansfield single tax club. Pres., Dr. T. J. Bristor; sec., W. J. Huggins, 66 W. 1st st.

TOLEDO.—Single tax club No. 1 meets at 112 Summit st. every Sunday at 10 a. m. Pres., A. R. Wynn; sec., J. P. Travers.

YOUNGSTOWN.—Every Thursday evening, Ivorites hall. Pres., Billy Radcliffe; sec., A. C. Hughes, 6 S. Market st.

OREGON.

PORTLAND.—Portland ballot reform and single tax club. 2d and 4th Thursdays of each month, Grand Army hall. Pres., R. H. Thompson; sec., S. B. Riggen, 48 Stark st.

PENNSYLVANIA.

PHILADELPHIA.—Henry George club. Every Thursday, 8 p.m., 904 Walnut st. Cor. sec., A. H. Stephenson, 214 Chestnut st.

Kensington single tax club. Every Tuesday evening, 8 p.m., [2021?] Frankford ave.,

p. 15, col. 4 Philadelphia. Pres., James Wright; sec., Jno. Moore, 2188 E. Huntingdon st.

PITTSBURG.—Pittsburg single tax club. 1st, 3d and 5th Sundays at 2:30 p.m., 102 Fourth av. Pres., Edmund Yardley; sec., Mark F. Roberts, 140 24th st., S. S.

BRADFORD.—Single tax club, St. James place. Open every evening. Meetings Wednesday evening and Sunday afternoon at 3 p. m. Pres., Phil. D. Tanguey; sec., J. C. De Forist.

READING.—Reading single tax society. Monday evenings, 402½ Penn st. Pres., C. S. Prizer; cor. sec., Grant Nagle, 208 S. Third st.

ERIE.—Erie tax reform league. Pres., W. G. McKean; sec., J. L. Babcock.

EDWARDSVILLE.—Jefferson ballot reform and single tax club. First Friday of each month. Pres., J. J. Smythe, M. D.; sec., J. P. Hammond.

LEBANON.—Lebanon single tax and land club. Pres., Adam Behny; sec., J. G. Zimmerman, 111 N. Fourteenth st.

SCRANTON.—Henry George single tax club. 1st and 3d Friday evenings of each month, Noake’s hall, cor. Franklin ave. and Spruce st. Pres., Duncan Wright; sec., Arthur McGee, 914 Capouse ave.

SHENANDOAH.—Single tax club. Sundays, 3 p.m., 415 W. Coal st. Pres., Morris Marsh; sec., Thomas G. Potts.

UPPER LEHIGH.—Single tax committee. Pres., J. B. Carr; sec., George McGee.

JOHNSTOWN, Pa.—Henry George club. Meet[s] every Monday evening for public discussion[.] Pres A. J. Moxham^sic; sec., Richard Eyre.

POTTSTOWN.—Single tax club. Meetings 1st and 3d Friday evenings each month in Weitzeakorn’s hall^sic. Pres., D. L. Haws; sec., H H Johnson^sic, 530 Walnut st.

RHODE ISLAND.

PROVIDENCE.—Single tax association o[f] Rhode Island. Alternate Friday evenings room 22, Slade building, cor. Washington an[d] Eddy sts. Pres., Dr. Wm. Barker; sec., Geo[.] D. Liddell, 145 Transit st.

PAWTUCKET.—Single tax association. Ev’r[y] Wednesday evening, Main st. Pres., Edward Barker; sec., Edgar Farnell, 220 Mineral Spring ave.

TENNESSEE.

MEMPHIS.—Memphis single tax association. Sundays, 4.30 p. m., Luehrman’s hotel. Pres.[,] Dr. T. J. Crofford; sec., M. H. McDowell[,] care of Townsend, Cowie & Co.

TEXAS.

STATE.—Texas tax reform association Pres., H. F. Ring^sic, Houston; sec., J. B. Cochran.

EL PASO.—El Paso tariff reform club. 1st and 3d Saturdays of each month, county-court room, court house. Pres., G. E. Hubbard, sec., A. W. Thomas.

HOUSTON.—Single tax committee. Pres H. F. Ring; sec., E. W. Brown, care of Germania house.

SAN ANTONIO.—Single tax club. Meets first and third Thursday in each month. Pres., Geo. Marks; sec., Theo. Kunzmann, 11 Crockett st.

WEST VIRGINIA.

PARKERSBURGH.—Single tax league. Every Saturday night, 500 Market st. Pres., W. H. Curry; sec., W. F Thayer^sic.

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THE SINGLE TAX LIBRARY.

[Note: a subscriber’s mailing label is pasted diagonally across items 1–14 of this list, printed upside down relative to the page: “298 C B Fillebrown / 282 Devonshire st”. Text hidden by it is marked [obscured].]

1. A Syllabus of Progress and Poverty. Lo[obscured] F. Post [8?] pages. 2. Australian System. Louis F. Post. 4 [obscured] 3. First Principles. Henry George. 4 p[obscured] 4. The Right to the Use of the Earth. [obscured]pencer. 4 pages. 5. Farmers and the Single Tax. Th[obscured] Shearman. 8 pages. 6. The Canons of Taxation. Henry[obscured] 4 pages. 7. A Lawyer’s Reply to Criticisms[obscured]B. Clark . 15 pages. 8. Back to the Land. Bishop N[obscured]ages. 9. The Single Tax. Thos. G. S[obscured] 8 pages. 10. The American Farmer. H[obscured]ge. 4 pages 11. Unemployed Labor. Hen[obscured] 4 pages. 12. The Case Plainly Stated[obscured]ng. 8 pages. 13. Social Problems. 342 p[obscured]. Paper, 35c. 14. Objections to the Land[obscured]Thos. G. Shearman. pages^sic. 15. Land Taxation. A Conversation Between David Dudley Field and Henry George. 4 pages. 16. How to Increase Profits. A. J. Steers. 2 pages. 17. The New Political Economy. E. O. Brown. 4 pages 18. Thy Kingdom Come. Henry George. 4 pages. 19. The Functions of Government. Henry George. pages^sicsic. 20. The Menace of Plutocracy. Thomas G. Shearman. [8?] pages. 21. Tenement House Morality. J.O.S. Huntington. 4 pp. 22, 23, 24, out of print. 25. Taxing Land Values. Henry George. [8?] pages. 26. Henry George’s Mistakes. Thomas G. Shearman. 8 pages. 27. The Democratic Principle. Henry George. 8 pages 28. Progress and Poverty. Henry George. 512 pages^sic. 35 cents. 29. The New Ballot System. Louis F. Post. 4 pages 30. Property in Land. Henry George. 77 pages. 5c. 31. The Cat. 2 pages. 32. The Single Tax in a Nutshell. [2?] pages.

Prices of Single Tax Library: Two page tracts—1 copy, 1 cent; 40 copies, 10 cents; 100 copies, 20 cents; 1,000 copies, $1.50.

Four-page tracts—1 copy, 2 cents; [20?] copies, 10 cents; 100 copies, 40 cents; 1,000 copies, $3.

Eight-page tracts—1 copy, 3 cents; 10 copies, 10 cents 100 copies^sic, 80 cents; 1,000 copies, $6.

Sixteen-page tracts—1 copy, 4 cents, 5 copies, 10 cents; 100 copies, $1.60; 1,000 copies, $12.

No extra charge by mail.

The following numbers of the “Land and Labor Library” are still in stock:

6. Settler’s Nightmare. Louis F. Post. 4 pages.
7. Mysterious Disappearance. Lewis Freeland. [6?] pp.
8. Sailors’ Snug Harbor and the Randall Farm. W. T. Croasdale. 12 pages.
9. The Collegiate Church and Shoemaker’s Field. W. T. Croasdale. 12 pages.
10. It is the Law of Christ. Rev. S. H. Spencer. 4 pp.
11. Christianity and Poverty. Father Huntington 4 pp. [33?]. Socialism—Its Truth and Its Error. Henry George. 4 pages. [38?]. “God Wills It.” Henry George. 4 pages. [44?]. How John’s Father Saw the Light. W.C. Woods. 2 p.
12. Ten Thoughts for Christian Thinkers. Rev. John W. Kramer. 4 pages. [64?]. Hints as to What You Can Do. Henry George. 4 pp.
13. My Butcher Woman and My Grocery Man. William McCabe. 4 pages. [84?]. A Republican’s Reasons for Supporting Cleveland. Judge Frank T. Reid. 2 pages. [88?]. Jefferson and Hamilton. Chauncey F. Black. [8?] pp.

GERMAN TRACTS.

[42?]. First Principles. Henry George. 4 pages. [43?]. Socialism—Its Truth and Its Error. Henry George. 4 pages. [46?]. Taxing Land Values. Henry George. 8 pages. 47. It is the Law of Christ. Rev. S. H. Spencer. Henry, Ill. 4 pages. [53?]. Sailors’ Snug Harbor. Wm. T. Croasdale. 12 pages,

SWEDISH TRACTS.

52 The Case Plainly Stated. H. F. Ring. 8 pages

TARIFF TRACTS.

57. Protection as a Universal Need. Henry George. pages. [61?]. The Tariff Question. Henry George. 4 pages. [63?]. American Protection and British Free Trade. Henry George. 4 pages. [69?]. Protection and Wages. Henry George. 8 pages.
58. Protection the Friend of Labor? Thomas G. Shearman. 8 pages.
59. A Short Tariff History. Thomas G. Shearman. 2 pages. [76?]. Plain Talk to Protectionists. Thomas G. Shearman. 4 pages.
60. An Address to Workingmen on the Tariff Question. Henry George. 4 pages.

A set of Tariff Tracts will be sent to any address for ten cents.

Address THE STANDARD, 12 Union square, New York City.

PROGRESS AND POVERTY.

An inquiry into the cause of industrial depression and of increase of want with increase of wealth. The remedy.

By HENRY GEORGE.

512 pages. Cloth, $1.50. Paper covers, 35 cents. Half calf or half morocco $3.00.

SOCIAL PROBLEMS.

By HENRY GEORGE.

342 pages. Cloth, $1.00. Paper covers, 35 cents. Half calf or half morocco, $2.50.

PROTECTION OR FREE TRADE?

An examination of the tariff question with especial regard to the interests of labor.

By HENRY GEORGE.

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THE LAND QUESTION.

What it involves and how alone it can be settled.

By HENRY GEORGE.

87 pages. Paper covers, 20 cents.

p. 16, col. 4

PROPERTY IN LAND.

A Passage-at-Arms Between the Duke of Argyll an[d?] Henry George.

77 pages. Paper covers, 15 cents.

FORTSCHRITT UND ARMUTH.

(Progress and Poverty in German).

Translation of C. D. F. Gutschow.

430 pages. Paper covers, 35 cents.

PROGRES ET PAUVRETE.

(Progress and Poverty in French).

Translation of P. L. LeMonnier.

542 pages. Paper covers, $2,75^sic.

PROTECTION OU LIBRE-ECHANGE?

(Protection or Free Trade? in French)

Translation of Louis Vossion.

436 pages. Paper covers, $2.75.

PROGRESSO E POVERTA.

(Progress and Poverty in Italian).

Translation of Ludovico Eusebio.

352 pages. Paper covers, $2.50.

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